GSTDTAP

浏览/检索结果: 共97条,第1-10条 帮助

限定条件                        
已选(0)清除 条数/页:   排序方式:
Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7798) : 233-+
作者:  Scudellari, Megan
收藏  |  浏览/下载:11/0  |  提交时间:2020/04/16

The Greenland Ice Sheet has been a major contributor to global sea-level rise in recent decades(1,2), and it is expected to continue to be so(3). Although increases in glacier flow(4-6) and surface melting(7-9) have been driven by oceanic(10-12) and atmospheric(13,14) warming, the magnitude and trajectory of the ice sheet'  s mass imbalance remain uncertain. Here we compare and combine 26 individual satellite measurements of changes in the ice sheet'  s volume, flow and gravitational potential to produce a reconciled estimate of its mass balance. The ice sheet was close to a state of balance in the 1990s, but annual losses have risen since then, peaking at 345 +/- 66 billion tonnes per year in 2011. In all, Greenland lost 3,902 +/- 342 billion tonnes of ice between 1992 and 2018, causing the mean sea level to rise by 10.8 +/- 0.9 millimetres. Using three regional climate models, we show that the reduced surface mass balance has driven 1,964 +/- 565 billion tonnes (50.3 per cent) of the ice loss owing to increased meltwater runoff. The remaining 1,938 +/- 541 billion tonnes (49.7 per cent) of ice loss was due to increased glacier dynamical imbalance, which rose from 46 +/- 37 billion tonnes per year in the 1990s to 87 +/- 25 billion tonnes per year since then. The total rate of ice loss slowed to 222 +/- 30 billion tonnes per year between 2013 and 2017, on average, as atmospheric circulation favoured cooler conditions(15) and ocean temperatures fell at the terminus of Jakobshavn Isbr AE(16). Cumulative ice losses from Greenland as a whole have been close to the rates predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for their high-end climate warming scenario(17), which forecast an additional 70 to 130 millimetres of global sea-level rise by 2100 compared with their central estimate.


  
The response of stomatal conductance to seasonal drought in tropical forests 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019
作者:  Wu, Jin;  Serbin, Shawn P.;  Ely, Kim S.;  Wolfe, Brett T.;  Dickman, L. Turin;  Grossiord, Charlotte;  Michaletz, Sean T.;  Collins, Adam D.;  Detto, Matteo;  McDowell, Nate G.;  Wright, S. Joseph;  Rogers, Alistair
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
carbon and water exchange  leaf age  leaf water potential  plant traits  spectroscopy  stomatal conductance model  stomatal slope  vulnerability curve  
How to measure, report and verify soil carbon change to realize the potential of soil carbon sequestration for atmospheric greenhouse gas removal 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019
作者:  Smith, Pete;  Soussana, Jean-Francois;  Angers, Denis;  Schipper, Louis;  Chenu, Claire;  Rasse, Daniel P.;  Batjes, Niels H.;  van Egmond, Fenny;  McNeill, Stephen;  Kuhnert, Matthias;  Arias-Navarro, Cristina;  Olesen, Jorgen E.;  Chirinda, Ngonidzashe;  Fornara, Dario;  Wollenberg, Eva;  Alvaro-Fuentes, Jorge;  Sanz-Cobena, Alberto;  Klumpp, Katja
收藏  |  浏览/下载:13/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
measurement  monitoring  MRV  reporting  soil organic carbon  soil organic matter  verification  
Climate and plant trait strategies determine tree carbon allocation to leaves and mediate future forest productivity 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019, 25 (10) : 3395-3405
作者:  Trugman, Anna T.;  Anderegg, Leander D. L.;  Wolfe, Brett T.;  Birami, Benjamin;  Ruehr, Nadine K.;  Detto, Matteo;  Bartlete, Megan K.;  Anderegg, William R. L.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:16/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
aridity gradient  carbon allocation  climate change  CO2 fertilization  leaf area  plant hydraulic traits  sapwood area  vegetation model  
Effects of 21st-century climate, land use, and disturbances on ecosystem carbon balance in California 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019, 25 (10) : 3334-3353
作者:  Sleeter, Benjamin M.;  Marvin, David C.;  Cameron, D. Richard;  Selmants, Paul C.;  Westerline, A. LeRoy;  Kreitler, Jason;  Daniel, Colin J.;  Liu, Jinxun;  Wilson, Tamara S.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
California  carbon balance  climate change  disturbance  land use  scenarios  
To improve weather and climate models, researchers are chasing atmospheric gravity waves 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2019, 116 (39) : 19218-19221
作者:  Mann, Adam
收藏  |  浏览/下载:3/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
Divergent long-term trends and interannual variation in ecosystem resource use efficiencies of a southern boreal old black spruce forest 1999-2017 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019, 25 (9) : 3056-3069
作者:  Liu, Peng;  Black, T. Andrew;  Jassal, Rachhpal S.;  Zha, Tianshan;  Nesic, Zoran;  Barr, Alan G.;  Helgason, Warren D.;  Jia, Xin;  Tian, Yun;  Stephens, Jilmarie J.;  Ma, Jingyong
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
carbon use efficiency  climate change  gross ecosystem productivity  light use efficiency  long-term trends  Old Black Spruce  southern boreal forest  water use efficiency  
Asymmetry in above- and belowground productivity responses to N addition in a semi-arid temperate steppe 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019, 25 (9) : 2958-2969
作者:  Wang, Jing;  Gao, Yingzhi;  Zhang, Yunhai;  Yang, Junjie;  Smith, Melinda D.;  Knapp, Alan K.;  Eissenstat, David M.;  Han, Xingguo
收藏  |  浏览/下载:15/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
aboveground net primary productivity  belowground net primary productivity  N deposition  N response efficiency  root fraction  
Maximum carbon uptake rate dominates the interannual variability of global net ecosystem exchange 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019, 25 (10) : 3381-3394
作者:  Fu, Zheng;  Stoy, Paul C.;  Poulter, Benjamin;  Gerken, Tobias;  Zhang, Zhen;  Wakbulcho, Guta;  Niu, Shuli
收藏  |  浏览/下载:13/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
carbon uptake period  interannual variability  maximum carbon uptake rate  net ecosystem exchange  phenology  physiology  
Response of maize biomass and soil water fluxes on elevated CO2 and drought-From field experiments to process-based simulations 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019, 25 (9) : 2947-2957
作者:  Kellner, Juliane;  Houska, Tobias;  Manderscheid, Remy;  Weigel, Hans-Joachim;  Breuer, Lutz;  Kraft, Philipp
收藏  |  浏览/下载:22/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
CO2 response  coupled hydrological-plant growth model  evaporation  free-air carbon dioxide enrichment  transpiration  Zea mays