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Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7798) : 233-+
作者:  Scudellari, Megan
收藏  |  浏览/下载：11/0  |  提交时间：2020/04/16

The Greenland Ice Sheet has been a major contributor to global sea-level rise in recent decades(1,2), and it is expected to continue to be so(3). Although increases in glacier flow(4-6) and surface melting(7-9) have been driven by oceanic(10-12) and atmospheric(13,14) warming, the magnitude and trajectory of the ice sheet'  s mass imbalance remain uncertain. Here we compare and combine 26 individual satellite measurements of changes in the ice sheet'  s volume, flow and gravitational potential to produce a reconciled estimate of its mass balance. The ice sheet was close to a state of balance in the 1990s, but annual losses have risen since then, peaking at 345 +/- 66 billion tonnes per year in 2011. In all, Greenland lost 3,902 +/- 342 billion tonnes of ice between 1992 and 2018, causing the mean sea level to rise by 10.8 +/- 0.9 millimetres. Using three regional climate models, we show that the reduced surface mass balance has driven 1,964 +/- 565 billion tonnes (50.3 per cent) of the ice loss owing to increased meltwater runoff. The remaining 1,938 +/- 541 billion tonnes (49.7 per cent) of ice loss was due to increased glacier dynamical imbalance, which rose from 46 +/- 37 billion tonnes per year in the 1990s to 87 +/- 25 billion tonnes per year since then. The total rate of ice loss slowed to 222 +/- 30 billion tonnes per year between 2013 and 2017, on average, as atmospheric circulation favoured cooler conditions(15) and ocean temperatures fell at the terminus of Jakobshavn Isbr AE(16). Cumulative ice losses from Greenland as a whole have been close to the rates predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for their high-end climate warming scenario(17), which forecast an additional 70 to 130 millimetres of global sea-level rise by 2100 compared with their central estimate.


  
Tropical Atlantic Cooling and Freshening in the Middle of the Last Interglacial From Coral Proxy Records 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2019, 46 (14) : 8289-8299
作者:  Brocas, William M.;  Felis, Thomas;  Mudelsee, Manfred
收藏  |  浏览/下载：8/0  |  提交时间：2019/11/27
coral Sr  Ca  sea surface temperatures  coral delta O-18  salinity  last interglacial  tropical Atlantic  
Seasonal Prediction of Northern European Winter Air Temperatures From SST Anomalies Based on Sensitivity Estimates 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2019, 46 (11) : 6109-6117
作者:  Koehl, Armin;  Vlasenko, Andrey
收藏  |  浏览/下载：6/0  |  提交时间：2019/11/26
air temperatures  sensitivity analysis  sea surface temperature  statistical models  
The impact of global warming on sea surface temperature based El Nino-Southern Oscillation monitoring indices 期刊论文
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, 2019, 39 (2) : 1092-1103
作者:  Turkington, Thea;  Timbal, Bertrand;  Rahmat, Raizan
收藏  |  浏览/下载：2/0  |  提交时间：2019/04/09
climate change  ENSO  Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation  sea surface temperatures