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Environmental DNA allows upscaling spatial patterns of biodiversity in freshwater ecosystems 期刊论文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2020, 11 (1)
作者:  Carraro, Luca;  Maechler, Elvira;  Wuethrich, Remo;  Altermatt, Florian
收藏  |  浏览/下载：8/0  |  提交时间：2020/07/21
Characterizing soundscapes across diverse ecosystems using a universal acoustic feature set 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (29) : 17049-17055
作者:  Sethi, Sarab S.;  Jones, Nick S.;  Fulcher, Ben D.;  Picinali, Lorenzo;  Clink, Dena Jane;  Klinck, Holger;  Orme, C. David L.;  Wrege, Peter H.;  Ewers, Robert M.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：24/0  |  提交时间：2020/07/09
machine learning  acoustic  soundscape  monitoring  ecology  
A remnant planetary core in the hot-Neptune desert 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 583 (7814) : 39-+
作者:  David J. Armstrong;  Thé;  o A. Lopez;  Vardan Adibekyan;  Richard A. Booth;  Edward M. Bryant;  Karen A. Collins;  Magali Deleuil;  Alexandre Emsenhuber;  Chelsea X. Huang;  George W. King;  Jorge Lillo-Box;  Jack J. Lissauer;  Elisabeth Matthews;  Olivier Mousis;  Louise D. Nielsen;  Hugh Osborn;  Jon Otegi;  Nuno C. Santos;  Sé;  rgio G. Sousa;  Keivan G. Stassun;  Dimitri Veras;  Carl Ziegler;  Jack S. Acton;  Jose M. Almenara;  David R. Anderson;  David Barrado;  Susana C. C. Barros;  Daniel Bayliss;  Claudia Belardi;  Francois Bouchy;  Cé;  sar Briceñ;  o;  Matteo Brogi;  David J. A. Brown;  Matthew R. Burleigh;  Sarah L. Casewell;  Alexander Chaushev;  David R. Ciardi;  Kevin I. Collins;  Knicole D. Coló;  n;  Benjamin F. Cooke;  Ian J. M. Crossfield;  Rodrigo F. Dí;  az;  Elisa Delgado Mena;  Olivier D. S. Demangeon;  Caroline Dorn;  Xavier Dumusque;  Philipp Eigmü;  ller;  Michael Fausnaugh;  Pedro Figueira;  Tianjun Gan;  Siddharth Gandhi;  Samuel Gill;  Erica J. Gonzales;  Michael R. Goad;  Maximilian N. Gü;  nther;  Ravit Helled;  Saeed Hojjatpanah;  Steve B. Howell;  James Jackman;  James S. Jenkins;  Jon M. Jenkins;  Eric L. N. Jensen;  Grant M. Kennedy;  David W. Latham;  Nicholas Law;  Monika Lendl;  Michael Lozovsky;  Andrew W. Mann;  Maximiliano Moyano;  James McCormac;  Farzana Meru;  Christoph Mordasini;  Ares Osborn;  Don Pollacco;  Didier Queloz;  Liam Raynard;  George R. Ricker;  Pamela Rowden;  Alexandre Santerne;  Joshua E. Schlieder;  Sara Seager;  Lizhou Sha;  Thiam-Guan Tan;  Rosanna H. Tilbrook;  Eric Ting;  Sté;  phane Udry;  Roland Vanderspek;  Christopher A. Watson;  Richard G. West;  Paul A. Wilson;  Joshua N. Winn;  Peter Wheatley;  Jesus Noel Villasenor;  Jose I. Vines;  Zhuchang Zhan
收藏  |  浏览/下载：20/0  |  提交时间：2020/07/06

The interiors of giant planets remain poorly understood. Even for the planets in the Solar System, difficulties in observation lead to large uncertainties in the properties of planetary cores. Exoplanets that have undergone rare evolutionary processes provide a route to understanding planetary interiors. Planets found in and near the typically barren hot-Neptune '  desert'  (1,2)(a region in mass-radius space that contains few planets) have proved to be particularly valuable in this regard. These planets include HD149026b(3), which is thought to have an unusually massive core, and recent discoveries such as LTT9779b(4)and NGTS-4b(5), on which photoevaporation has removed a substantial part of their outer atmospheres. Here we report observations of the planet TOI-849b, which has a radius smaller than Neptune'  s but an anomalously large mass of39.1-2.6+2.7Earth masses and a density of5.2-0.8+0.7grams per cubic centimetre, similar to Earth'  s. Interior-structure models suggest that any gaseous envelope of pure hydrogen and helium consists of no more than3.9-0.9+0.8 per cent of the total planetary mass. The planet could have been a gas giant before undergoing extreme mass loss via thermal self-disruption or giant planet collisions, or it could have avoided substantial gas accretion, perhaps through gap opening or late formation(6). Although photoevaporation rates cannot account for the mass loss required to reduce a Jupiter-like gas giant, they can remove a small (a few Earth masses) hydrogen and helium envelope on timescales of several billion years, implying that any remaining atmosphere on TOI-849b is likely to be enriched by water or other volatiles from the planetary interior. We conclude that TOI-849b is the remnant core of a giant planet.


Observations of TOI-849b reveal a radius smaller than Neptune'  s but a large mass of about 40 Earth masses, indicating that the planet is the remnant core of a gas giant.


  
Weather at the winter and stopover areas determines spring migration onset, progress, and advancements in Afro-Palearctic migrant birds 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (29) : 17056-17062
作者:  Haest, Birgen;  Hueppop, Ommo;  Bairlein, Franz
收藏  |  浏览/下载：13/0  |  提交时间：2020/07/06
phenology  environmental plasticity  microevolution  behavioral flexibility  conservation  
Astronaut with sights on Mars 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 581 (7809) : 367-367
作者:  Funabashi, Masanori;  Grove, Tyler L.;  Wang, Min;  Varma, Yug;  McFadden, Molly E.;  Brown, Laura C.;  Guo, Chunjun;  Higginbottom, Steven;  Almo, Steven C.;  Fischbach, Michael A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：19/0  |  提交时间：2020/07/03

NASA astronaut Jessica Watkins is at the forefront of a new crop of space explorers destined for the Moon, and maybe one day, Mars.


NASA astronaut Jessica Watkins is at the forefront of a new crop of space explorers destined for the Moon, and maybe one day, Mars.


  
Geometry and evolution of the ecological niche in plant-associated microbes 期刊论文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2020, 11 (1)
作者:  Chaloner, Thomas M.;  Gurr, Sarah J.;  Bebber, Daniel P.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：7/0  |  提交时间：2020/06/16
Mineral dust increases the habitability of terrestrial planets but confounds biomarker detection 期刊论文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2020, 11 (1)
作者:  Boutle, Ian A.;  Joshi, Manoj;  Lambert, F. Hugo;  Mayne, Nathan J.;  Lyster, Duncan;  Manners, James;  Ridgway, Robert;  Kohary, Krisztian
收藏  |  浏览/下载：9/0  |  提交时间：2020/06/16
In situ evidence of thermally induced rock breakdown widespread on Bennu's surface 期刊论文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2020, 11 (1)
作者:  Molaro, J. L.;  39;Aubigny, C. Drouet
收藏  |  浏览/下载：8/0  |  提交时间：2020/06/16
Four-dimensional surface motions of the Slumgullion landslide and quantification of hydrometeorological forcing 期刊论文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2020, 11 (1)
作者:  Hu, Xie;  Buergmann, Roland;  Schulz, William H.;  Fielding, Eric J.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：6/0  |  提交时间：2020/06/09
Clonally expanded CD8 T cells patrol the cerebrospinal fluid in Alzheimer's disease 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 577 (7790) : 399-+
作者:  Gate, David;  Saligrama, Naresha;  Leventhal, Olivia;  Yang, Andrew C.;  Unger, Michael S.;  Middeldorp, Jinte;  Chen, Kelly;  Lehallier, Benoit;  Channappa, Divya;  De Los Santos, Mark B.;  McBride, Alisha;  Pluvinage, John;  Elahi, Fanny;  Tam, Grace Kyin-Ye;  Kim, Yongha;  Greicius, Michael;  Wagner, Anthony D.;  Aigner, Ludwig;  Galasko, Douglas R.;  Davis, Mark M.;  Wyss-Coray, Tony
收藏  |  浏览/下载：6/0  |  提交时间：2020/07/03

Alzheimer'  s disease is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder in which neuroinflammation has a critical function(1). However, little is known about the contribution of the adaptive immune response in Alzheimer'  s disease(2). Here, using integrated analyses of multiple cohorts, we identify peripheral and central adaptive immune changes in Alzheimer'  s disease. First, we performed mass cytometry of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and discovered an immune signature of Alzheimer'  s disease that consists of increased numbers of CD8(+) T effector memory CD45RA(+) (T-EMRA) cells. In a second cohort, we found that CD8(+) T-EMRA cells were negatively associated with cognition. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that T cell receptor (TCR) signalling was enhanced in these cells. Notably, by using several strategies of single-cell TCR sequencing in a third cohort, we discovered clonally expanded CD8(+) T-EMRA cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer'  s disease. Finally, we used machine learning, cloning and peptide screens to demonstrate the specificity of clonally expanded TCRs in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer'  s disease to two separate Epstein-Barr virus antigens. These results reveal an adaptive immune response in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid in Alzheimer'  s disease and provide evidence of clonal, antigen-experienced T cells patrolling the intrathecal space of brains affected by age-related neurodegeneration.