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Gainers and losers of surface and terrestrial water resources in China during 1989-2016 期刊论文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2020, 11 (1)
作者:  Wang, Xinxin;  Xiao, Xiangming;  Zou, Zhenhua;  Dong, Jinwei;  Qin, Yuanwei;  Doughty, Russell B.;  Menarguez, Michael A.;  Chen, Bangqian;  Wang, Junbang;  Ye, Hui;  Ma, Jun;  Zhong, Qiaoyan;  Zhao, Bin;  Li, Bo
收藏  |  浏览/下载:23/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/14
Multiple transpolar auroral arcs reveal insight about coupling processes in the Earth's magnetotail 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (28) : 16193-16198
作者:  Zhang, Qing-He;  Zhang, Yong-Liang;  Wang, Chi;  Lockwood, Michael;  Yang, Hui-Gen;  Tang, Bin-Bin;  Xing, Zan-Yang;  Oksavik, Kjellmar;  Lyons, Larry R.;  Ma, Yu-Zhang;  Zong, Qiu-Gang;  Moen, Joran Idar;  Xia, Li-Dong
收藏  |  浏览/下载:15/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/06
aurora  solar-terrestrial interaction  magnetosphere  polar ionosphere  transpolar auroral arcs  
Astronaut with sights on Mars 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 581 (7809) : 367-367
作者:  Funabashi, Masanori;  Grove, Tyler L.;  Wang, Min;  Varma, Yug;  McFadden, Molly E.;  Brown, Laura C.;  Guo, Chunjun;  Higginbottom, Steven;  Almo, Steven C.;  Fischbach, Michael A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:19/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

NASA astronaut Jessica Watkins is at the forefront of a new crop of space explorers destined for the Moon, and maybe one day, Mars.


NASA astronaut Jessica Watkins is at the forefront of a new crop of space explorers destined for the Moon, and maybe one day, Mars.


  
Quantifying the drivers and predictability of seasonal changes in African fire 期刊论文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2020, 11 (1)
作者:  Yu, Yan;  Mao, Jiafu;  Thornton, Peter E.;  Notaro, Michael;  Wullschleger, Stan D.;  Shi, Xiaoying;  Hoffman, Forrest M.;  Wang, Yaoping
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2020/06/16
Stable isotopes show that earthquakes enhance permeability and release water from mountains 期刊论文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2020, 11 (1)
作者:  Hosono, Takahiro;  Yamada, Chisato;  Manga, Michael;  Wang, Chi-Yuen;  Tanimizu, Masaharu
收藏  |  浏览/下载:11/0  |  提交时间:2020/06/09
Unexpected formation of oxygen-free products and nitrous acid from the ozonolysis of the neonicotinoid nitenpyram 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (21) : 11321-11327
作者:  Wang, Weihong;  Ezell, Michael J.;  Lakey, Pascale S. J.;  Aregahegn, Kifle Z.;  Shiraiwa, Manabu;  Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
neonicotinoid  nitenpyram  ozone  
Mutations that prevent caspase cleavage of RIPK1 cause autoinflammatory disease 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 577 (7788) : 103-+
作者:  Lalaoui, Najoua;  Boyden, Steven E.;  Oda, Hirotsugu;  Wood, Geryl M.;  Stone, Deborah L.;  Chau, Diep;  Liu, Lin;  Stoffels, Monique;  Kratina, Tobias;  Lawlor, Kate E.;  Zaal, Kristien J. M.;  Hoffmann, Patrycja M.;  Etemadi, Nima;  Shield-Artin, Kristy;  Biben, Christine;  Tsai, Wanxia Li;  Blake, Mary D.;  Kuehn, Hye Sun;  Yang, Dan;  Anderton, Holly;  Silke, Natasha;  Wachsmuth, Laurens;  Zheng, Lixin;  Moura, Natalia Sampaio;  Beck, David B.;  Gutierrez-Cruz, Gustavo;  Ombrello, Amanda K.;  Pinto-Patarroyo, Gineth P.;  Kueh, Andrew J.;  Herold, Marco J.;  Hall, Cathrine;  Wang, Hongying;  Chae, Jae Jin;  Dmitrieva, Natalia I.;  McKenzie, Mark;  Light, Amanda;  Barham, Beverly K.;  Jones, Anne;  Romeo, Tina M.;  Zhou, Qing;  Aksentijevich, Ivona;  Mullikin, James C.;  Gross, Andrew J.;  Shum, Anthony K.;  Hawkins, Edwin D.;  Masters, Seth L.;  Lenardo, Michael J.;  Boehm, Manfred;  Rosenzweig, Sergio D.;  Pasparakis, Manolis;  Voss, Anne K.;  Gadina, Massimo;  Kastner, Daniel L.;  Silke, John
收藏  |  浏览/下载:24/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

RIPK1 is a key regulator of innate immune signalling pathways. To ensure an optimal inflammatory response, RIPK1 is regulated post-translationally by well-characterized ubiquitylation and phosphorylation events, as well as by caspase-8-mediated cleavage1-7. The physiological relevance of this cleavage event remains unclear, although it is thought to inhibit activation of RIPK3 and necroptosis8. Here we show that the heterozygous missense mutations D324N, D324H and D324Y prevent caspase cleavage of RIPK1 in humans and result in an early-onset periodic fever syndrome and severe intermittent lymphadenopathy-a condition we term '  cleavage-resistant RIPK1-induced autoinflammatory syndrome'  . To define the mechanism for this disease, we generated a cleavage-resistant Ripk1(D325A) mutant mouse strain. Whereas Ripk1(-/-) mice died postnatally from systemic inflammation, Ripk1(D325A/D325A) mice died during embryogenesis. Embryonic lethality was completely prevented by the combined loss of Casp8 and Ripk3, but not by loss of Ripk3 or Mlkl alone. Loss of RIPK1 kinase activity also prevented Ripk1(D325A/D325A) embryonic lethality, although the mice died before weaning from multi-organ inflammation in a RIPK3-dependent manner. Consistently, Ripk1(D325A/D325A) and Ripk1(D325A/+) cells were hypersensitive to RIPK3-dependent TNF-induced apoptosis and necroptosis. Heterozygous Ripk1(D325A/+) mice were viable and grossly normal, but were hyper-responsive to inflammatory stimuli in vivo. Our results demonstrate the importance of caspase-mediated RIPK1 cleavage during embryonic development and show that caspase cleavage of RIPK1 not only inhibits necroptosis but also maintains inflammatory homeostasis throughout life.


  
Impaired cell fate through gain-of-function mutations in a chromatin reader 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 577 (7788) : 121-+
作者:  Wan, Liling;  Chong, Shasha;  Xuan, Fan;  Liang, Angela;  Cui, Xiaodong;  Gates, Leah;  Carroll, Thomas S.;  Li, Yuanyuan;  Feng, Lijuan;  Chen, Guochao;  Wang, Shu-Ping;  Ortiz, Michael V.;  Daley, Sara K.;  Wang, Xiaolu;  Xuan, Hongwen;  Kentsis, Alex;  Muir, Tom W.;  Roeder, Robert G.;  Li, Haitao;  Li, Wei;  Tjian, Robert;  Wen, Hong;  Allis, C. David
收藏  |  浏览/下载:11/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Modifications of histone proteins have essential roles in normal development and human disease. Recognition of modified histones by '  reader'  proteins is a key mechanism that mediates the function of histone modifications, but how the dysregulation of these readers might contribute to disease remains poorly understood. We previously identified the ENL protein as a reader of histone acetylation via its YEATS domain, linking it to the expression of cancer-driving genes in acute leukaemia1. Recurrent hotspot mutations have been found in the ENL YEATS domain in Wilms tumour2,3, the most common type of paediatric kidney cancer. Here we show, using human and mouse cells, that these mutations impair cell-fate regulation by conferring gain-of-function in chromatin recruitment and transcriptional control. ENL mutants induce gene-expression changes that favour a premalignant cell fate, and, in an assay for nephrogenesis using murine cells, result in undifferentiated structures resembling those observed in human Wilms tumour. Mechanistically, although bound to largely similar genomic loci as the wild-type protein, ENL mutants exhibit increased occupancy at a subset of targets, leading to a marked increase in the recruitment and activity of transcription elongation machinery that enforces active transcription from target loci. Furthermore, ectopically expressed ENL mutants exhibit greater self-association and form discrete and dynamic nuclear puncta that are characteristic of biomolecular hubs consisting of local high concentrations of regulatory factors. Such mutation-driven ENL self-association is functionally linked to enhanced chromatin occupancy and gene activation. Collectively, our findings show that hotspot mutations in a chromatinreader domain drive self-reinforced recruitment, derailing normal cell-fate control during development and leading to an oncogenic outcome.


  
ECOSTRESS: NASA's Next Generation Mission to Measure Evapotranspiration From the International Space Station 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2020, 56 (4)
作者:  Fisher, Joshua B.;  Lee, Brian;  Purdy, Adam J.;  Halverson, Gregory H.;  Dohlen, Matthew B.;  Cawse-Nicholson, Kerry;  Wang, Audrey;  Anderson, Ray G.;  Aragon, Bruno;  Arain, M. Altaf;  Baldocchi, Dennis D.;  Baker, John M.;  Barral, Helene;  Bernacchi, Carl J.;  Bernhofer, Christian;  Biraud, Sebastien C.;  Bohrer, Gil;  Brunsell, Nathaniel;  Cappelaere, Bernard;  Castro-Contreras, Saulo;  Chun, Junghwa;  Conrad, Bryan J.;  Cremonese, Edoardo;  Demarty, Jerome;  Desai, Ankur R.;  De Ligne, Anne;  Foltynova, Lenka;  Goulden, Michael L.;  Griffis, Timothy J.;  Gruenwald, Thomas;  Johnson, Mark S.;  Kang, Minseok;  Kelbe, Dave;  Kowalska, Natalia;  Lim, Jong-Hwan;  Mainassara, Ibrahim;  McCabe, Matthew F.;  Missik, Justine E. C.;  Mohanty, Binayak P.;  Moore, Caitlin E.;  Morillas, Laura;  Morrison, Ross;  Munger, J. William;  Posse, Gabriela;  Richardson, Andrew D.;  Russell, Eric S.;  Ryu, Youngryel;  Sanchez-Azofeifa, Arturo;  Schmidt, Marius;  Schwartz, Efrat;  Sharp, Iain;  Sigut, Ladislav;  Tang, Yao;  Hulley, Glynn;  Anderson, Martha;  Hain, Christopher;  French, Andrew;  Wood, Eric;  Hook, Simon
收藏  |  浏览/下载:24/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
ECOSTRESS  eddy covariance  evapotranspiration  latent heat flux  satellite  validation  
Highly porous nature of a primitive asteroid revealed by thermal imaging 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7800) : 518-522
作者:  Quinn, Robert A.;  Melnik, Alexey, V;  Vrbanac, Alison;  Fu, Ting;  Patras, Kathryn A.;  Christy, Mitchell P.;  Bodai, Zsolt;  Belda-Ferre, Pedro;  Tripathi, Anupriya;  Chung, Lawton K.;  Downes, Michael;  Welch, Ryan D.;  Quinn, Melissa;  Humphrey, Greg;  Panitchpakdi, Morgan;  Weldon, Kelly C.;  Aksenov, Alexander;  da Silva, Ricardo;  Avila-Pacheco, Julian;  Clish, Clary;  Bae, Sena;  Mallick, Himel;  Franzosa, Eric A.;  Lloyd-Price, Jason;  Bussell, Robert;  Thron, Taren;  Nelson, Andrew T.;  Wang, Mingxun;  Leszczynski, Eric;  Vargas, Fernando;  Gauglitz, Julia M.;  Meehan, Michael J.;  Gentry, Emily;  Arthur, Timothy D.;  Komor, Alexis C.;  Poulsen, Orit;  Boland, Brigid S.;  Chang, John T.;  Sandborn, William J.;  Lim, Meerana;  Garg, Neha;  Lumeng, Julie C.;  Xavier, Ramnik J.;  Kazmierczak, Barbara, I;  Jain, Ruchi;  Egan, Marie;  Rhee, Kyung E.;  Ferguson, David;  Raffatellu, Manuela;  Vlamakis, Hera;  Haddad, Gabriel G.;  Siegel, Dionicio;  Huttenhower, Curtis;  Mazmanian, Sarkis K.;  Evans, Ronald M.;  Nizet, Victor;  Knight, Rob;  Dorrestein, Pieter C.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:50/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

Carbonaceous (C-type) asteroids(1) are relics of the early Solar System that have preserved primitive materials since their formation approximately 4.6 billion years ago. They are probably analogues of carbonaceous chondrites(2,3) and are essential for understanding planetary formation processes. However, their physical properties remain poorly known because carbonaceous chondrite meteoroids tend not to survive entry to Earth'  s atmosphere. Here we report on global one-rotation thermographic images of the C-type asteroid 162173 Ryugu, taken by the thermal infrared imager (TIR)(4) onboard the spacecraft Hayabusa2(5), indicating that the asteroid'  s boulders and their surroundings have similar temperatures, with a derived thermal inertia of about 300 J m(-2) s(-0.5) K-1 (300 tiu). Contrary to predictions that the surface consists of regolith and dense boulders, this low thermal inertia suggests that the boulders are more porous than typical carbonaceous chondrites(6) and that their surroundings are covered with porous fragments more than 10 centimetres in diameter. Close-up thermal images confirm the presence of such porous fragments and the flat diurnal temperature profiles suggest a strong surface roughness effect(7,8). We also observed in the close-up thermal images boulders that are colder during the day, with thermal inertia exceeding 600 tiu, corresponding to dense boulders similar to typical carbonaceous chondrites(6). These results constrain the formation history of Ryugu: the asteroid must be a rubble pile formed from impact fragments of a parent body with microporosity(9) of approximately 30 to 50 per cent that experienced a low degree of consolidation. The dense boulders might have originated from the consolidated innermost region or they may have an exogenic origin. This high-porosity asteroid may link cosmic fluffy dust to dense celestial bodies(10).


Thermal imaging data obtained from the spacecraft Hayabusa2 reveal that the carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu is an object of unusually high porosity.