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Extreme climate after massive eruption of Alaska's Okmok volcano in 43 BCE and effects on the late Roman Republic and Ptolemaic Kingdom 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (27) : 15443-15449
作者:  McConnell, Joseph R.;  Sigl, Michael;  Plunkett, Gill;  Burke, Andrea;  Kim, Woon Mi;  Raible, Christoph C.;  Wilson, Andrew, I;  Manning, Joseph G.;  Ludlow, Francis;  Chellman, Nathan J.;  Innes, Helen M.;  Yang, Zhen;  Larsen, Jessica F.;  Schaefer, Janet R.;  Kipfstuhl, Sepp;  Mojtabavi, Seyedhamidreza;  Wilhelms, Frank;  Opel, Thomas;  Meyer, Hanno;  Steffensen, Jorgen Peder
收藏  |  浏览/下载:17/0  |  提交时间:2020/06/29
ice core  volcano  Okmok  Rome  climate forcing  
Aerosol-photolysis interaction reduces particulate matter during wintertime haze events 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (18) : 9755-9761
作者:  Wu, Jiarui;  Bei, Naifang;  Hu, Bo;  Liu, Suixin;  Wang, Yuan;  Shen, Zhenxing;  Li, Xia;  Liu, Lang;  Wang, Ruonan;  Liu, Zirui;  Cao, Junji;  Tie, Xuexi;  Molina, Luisa T.;  Li, Guohui
收藏  |  浏览/下载:11/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
particulate pollution  aerosol-radiation interaction  aerosol-photolysis interaction  
Extreme rainfall triggered the 2018 rift eruption at Kilauea Volcano 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7804) : 491-+
作者:  Cloutier, Richard;  Clement, Alice M.;  Lee, Michael S. Y.;  Noel, Roxanne;  Bechard, Isabelle;  Roy, Vincent;  Long, John A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:33/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

The May 2018 rift intrusion and eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'  i, represented one of its most extraordinary eruptive sequences in at least 200 years, yet the trigger mechanism remains elusive(1). The event was preceded by several months of anomalously high precipitation. It has been proposed that rainfall can modulate shallow volcanic activity(2,3), but it remains unknown whether it can have impacts at the greater depths associated with magma transport. Here we show that immediately before and during the eruption, infiltration of rainfall into Kilauea Volcano'  s subsurface increased pore pressure at depths of 1 to 3 kilometres by 0.1 to 1 kilopascals, to its highest pressure in almost 50 years. We propose that weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice was driven by changes in pore pressure within the rift zone, prompting opportunistic dyke intrusion and ultimately facilitating the eruption. A precipitation-induced eruption trigger is consistent with the lack of precursory summit inflation, showing that this intrusion-unlike others-was not caused by the forceful intrusion of new magma into the rift zone. Moreover, statistical analysis of historic eruption occurrence suggests that rainfall patterns contribute substantially to the timing and frequency of Kilauea'  s eruptions and intrusions. Thus, volcanic activity can be modulated by extreme rainfall triggering edifice rock failure-a factor that should be considered when assessing volcanic hazards. Notably, the increasingly extreme weather patterns associated with ongoing anthropogenic climate change could increase the potential for rainfall-triggered volcanic phenomena worldwide.


Immediately before and during the eruption of Ki & x304  lauea Volcano in May 2018, anomalously high rainfall increased the pore pressure in the subsurface to its highest level in 50 years, causing weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice.


  
Short-term tests validate long-term estimates of climate change 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 582 (7811) : 185-186
作者:  Tollefson, Jeff
收藏  |  浏览/下载:12/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Climate sensitivity to atmospheric CO2 levels is likely to be high.


Six-hour weather forecasts have been used to validate estimates of climate change hundreds of years from now. Such tests have great potential - but only if our weather-forecasting and climate-prediction systems are unified.


  
Extreme weather events recorded by daily to hourly resolution biogeochemical proxies of marine giant clam shells 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (13) : 7038-7043
作者:  Yan, Hong;  Liu, Chengcheng;  An, Zhisheng;  Yang, Wei;  Yang, Yuanjian;  Huang, Ping;  Qiu, Shican;  Zhou, Pengchao;  Zhao, Nanyu;  Fei, Haobai;  Ma, Xiaolin;  Shi, Ge;  Dodson, John;  Hao, Jialong;  Yu, Kefu;  Wei, Gangjian;  Yang, Yanan;  Jin, Zhangdong;  Zhou, Weijian
收藏  |  浏览/下载:14/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
Tridacna shell  daily growth bands  ultra-high resolution  biogeochemical proxies  weather-timescale extreme events  
Mission to trace 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 581 (7806) : 18-18
作者:  Cyranoski, David
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Fearing an economic crisis of unprecedented proportions, Jim Yong Kim is rolling out a plan to halt the pandemic rather than weather it out.


Fearing an economic crisis of unprecedented proportions, Jim Yong Kim is rolling out a plan to halt the pandemic rather than weather it out. Jim Yong Kim at an annual meeting for World Bank, which he led from 2012-2019.


  
Remarkable nucleation and growth of ultrafine particles from vehicular exhaust 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (7) : 3427-3432
作者:  Guo, Song;  Hu, Min;  Peng, Jianfei;  Wu, Zhijun;  Zamora, Misti L.;  Shang, Dongjie;  Du, Zhuofei;  Zheng, Jing;  Fang, Xin;  Tang, Rongzhi;  Wu, Yusheng;  Zeng, Limin;  Shuai, Shijin;  Zhang, Wenbin;  Wang, Yuan;  Ji, Yuemeng;  Li, Yixin;  Zhang, Annie L.;  Wang, Weigang;  Zhang, Fang;  Zhao, Jiayun;  Gong, Xiaoli;  Wang, Chunyu;  Molina, Mario J.;  Zhang, Renyi
收藏  |  浏览/下载:13/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
new particle formation  nucleation  ultrafine particles  growth  organics  
Influence of Arctic sea-ice variability on Pacific trade winds 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (6) : 2824-2834
作者:  Kennel, Charles F.;  Yulaeva, Elena
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
Arctic sea ice  decadal variability  Pacific trade winds  Central Pacific El Nino  Aleutian Low  
COVID-19 COULD RUIN WEATHER FORECASTS AND CLIMATE RECORDS 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7804) : 440-441
作者:  Bruno, Tullia C.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:4/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

As climate- and ecological-monitoring projects go dark, data that stretch back for decades will soon contain coronavirus-associated gaps.


As climate- and ecological-monitoring projects go dark, data that stretch back for decades will soon contain coronavirus-associated gaps.


  
Twofold expansion of the Indo-Pacific warm pool warps the MJO life cycle 期刊论文
Nature, 2019, 575: 647-651
作者:  M. K. Roxy;  Panini Dasgupta;  Michael J. McPhaden;  Tamaki Suematsu;  Chidong Zhang;  Daehyun Kim
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2020/04/16