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Nondispersive Drainage Direction Simulation Based on Flexible Triangular Facets 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2020, 56 (4)
作者:  Wu, Pengfei;  Liu, Jintao;  Han, Xiaole;  Liang, Zhongmin;  Liu, Yangyang;  Fei, Junyuan
收藏  |  浏览/下载:27/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
terrain analysis  nondispersive drainage direction  flexible triangular facet  flow aggregation  drainage network  
VEGF-C-driven lymphatic drainage enables immunosurveillance of brain tumours 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 577 (7792) : 689-+
作者:  Toll, Velle;  Christensen, Matthew;  Quaas, Johannes;  Bellouin, Nicolas
收藏  |  浏览/下载:21/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

In a mouse model of glioblastoma, treatment with VEGF-C increases lymphatic drainage in the central nervous system and improves the immune response, suggesting that modulating meningeal lymphatics could enhance checkpoint inhibitor therapy.


Immune surveillance against pathogens and tumours in the central nervous system is thought to be limited owing to the lack of lymphatic drainage. However, the characterization of the meningeal lymphatic network has shed light on previously unappreciated ways that an immune response can be elicited to antigens that are expressed in the brain(1-3). Despite progress in our understanding of the development and structure of the meningeal lymphatic system, the contribution of this network in evoking a protective antigen-specific immune response in the brain remains unclear. Here, using a mouse model of glioblastoma, we show that the meningeal lymphatic vasculature can be manipulated to mount better immune responses against brain tumours. The immunity that is mediated by CD8 T cells to the glioblastoma antigen is very limited when the tumour is confined to the central nervous system, resulting in uncontrolled tumour growth. However, ectopic expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) promotes enhanced priming of CD8 T cells in the draining deep cervical lymph nodes, migration of CD8 T cells into the tumour, rapid clearance of the glioblastoma and a long-lasting antitumour memory response. Furthermore, transfection of an mRNA construct that expresses VEGF-C works synergistically with checkpoint blockade therapy to eradicate existing glioblastoma. These results reveal the capacity of VEGF-C to promote immune surveillance of tumours, and suggest a new therapeutic approach to treat brain tumours.


  
Extreme Memory of Initial Conditions in Numerical Landscape Evolution Models 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2019, 46 (12) : 6563-6573
作者:  Kwang, J. S.;  Parker, G.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:16/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/26
landscape evolution modeling  dynamic equilibrium  drainage network reorganization  initial conditions  divide migration  lateral channel migration  
Drainage from the Critical Zone: Lithologic Controls on the Persistence and Spatial Extent of Wetted Channels during the Summer Dry Season 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2018, 54 (8) : 5702-5726
作者:  Lovill, S. M.;  Hahm, W. J.;  Dietrich, W. E.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
base flow  wetted channels  critical zone  drainage networks  channel head  channel network  
Global-scale river network extraction based on high-resolution topography and constrained by lithology, climate, slope, and observed drainage density 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2017, 44 (6)
作者:  Schneider, A.;  Jost, A.;  Coulon, C.;  Silvestre, M.;  Thery, S.;  Ducharne, A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:12/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
river network extraction  global scale  drainage density  
Pore-scale modeling of wettability alteration during primary drainage 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2017, 53 (3)
作者:  Kallel, W.;  van Dijke, M. I. J.;  Sorbie, K. S.;  Wood, R.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:13/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
pore network modeling  wettability alteration  primary drainage  polar compounds  carbonates  micropores