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联合国环境规划署发布2022—2025年应对三重地球危机战略 快报文章
资源环境快报,2023年第16期
作者:  董利苹
Microsoft Word(26Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:504/0  |  提交时间:2023/09/01
United Nations Environment Programme  2022—2025  Tackling Climate Change  Biodiversity and Nature Loss  Pollution and Waste  Strategy  
荷兰环境评估署发布《自然友好型发展路径》报告 快报文章
资源环境快报,2022年第23期
作者:  魏艳红
Microsoft Word(26Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:661/0  |  提交时间:2022/12/16
PBL  Nature Positive  Biodiversity Loss  
森林与草原的破坏是生物多样性丧失的最主要原因 快报文章
资源环境快报,2022年第22期
作者:  裴惠娟
Microsoft Word(13Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:621/0  |  提交时间:2022/12/01
Biodiversity Loss  Direct Drivers  
联合国环境规划署为扭转物种丧失提供4300万美元 快报文章
资源环境快报,2022年第11期
作者:  魏艳红
Microsoft Word(22Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:655/1  |  提交时间:2022/06/16
UNEP  Developing Countries  Species Loss  Biodiversity  
全球粮食系统是生物多样性丧失的主要驱动力 快报文章
资源环境快报,2021年第4期
作者:  裴惠娟
Microsoft Word(45Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:463/0  |  提交时间:2021/02/28
Food System  Biodiversity Loss  Impacts  
扩大全球陆地保护区范围需设定全球和国家目标 快报文章
资源环境快报,2020年第19期
作者:  董利苹
Microsoft Word(13Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:414/0  |  提交时间:2020/10/15
Global Terrestrial Protected Areas  Cost Effective Zones  Global and National Targets  Biodiversity Loss  
应对生物多样性丧失与气候变化双重危机的“全球安全网” 快报文章
资源环境快报,2020年第19期
作者:  董利苹
Microsoft Word(13Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:414/0  |  提交时间:2020/10/15
Global Safety Net  Biodiversity Loss  climate change  
大尺度森林减少导致种群和生物多样性变化幅度激增48% 快报文章
资源环境快报,2020年第13期
作者:  董利苹
Microsoft Word(13Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:521/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/15
Landscape-scale Forest Loss  Population  Biodiversity  
Abrupt increase in harvested forest area over Europe after 2015 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 583 (7814) : 72-+
作者:  Guido Ceccherini;  Gregory Duveiller;  Giacomo Grassi;  Guido Lemoine;  Valerio Avitabile;  Roberto Pilli;  Alessandro Cescatti
收藏  |  浏览/下载:19/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/06

Fine-scale satellite data are used to quantify forest harvest rates in 26 European countries, finding an increase in harvested forest area of 49% and an increase in biomass loss of 69% between 2011-2015 and 2016-2018.


Forests provide a series of ecosystem services that are crucial to our society. In the European Union (EU), forests account for approximately 38% of the total land surface(1). These forests are important carbon sinks, and their conservation efforts are vital for the EU'  s vision of achieving climate neutrality by 2050(2). However, the increasing demand for forest services and products, driven by the bioeconomy, poses challenges for sustainable forest management. Here we use fine-scale satellite data to observe an increase in the harvested forest area (49 per cent) and an increase in biomass loss (69 per cent) over Europe for the period of 2016-2018 relative to 2011-2015, with large losses occurring on the Iberian Peninsula and in the Nordic and Baltic countries. Satellite imagery further reveals that the average patch size of harvested area increased by 34 per cent across Europe, with potential effects on biodiversity, soil erosion and water regulation. The increase in the rate of forest harvest is the result of the recent expansion of wood markets, as suggested by econometric indicators on forestry, wood-based bioenergy and international trade. If such a high rate of forest harvest continues, the post-2020 EU vision of forest-based climate mitigation may be hampered, and the additional carbon losses from forests would require extra emission reductions in other sectors in order to reach climate neutrality by 2050(3).


  
The projected timing of abrupt ecological disruption from climate change 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7804) : 496-+
作者:  Gorgulla, Christoph;  Boeszoermenyi, Andras;  Wang, Zi-Fu;  Fischer, Patrick D.;  Coote, Paul W.;  Padmanabha Das, Krishna M.;  Malets, Yehor S.;  Radchenko, Dmytro S.;  Moroz, Yurii S.;  Scott, David A.;  Fackeldey, Konstantin;  Hoffmann, Moritz;  Iavniuk, Iryna;  Wagner, Gerhard;  Arthanari, Haribabu
收藏  |  浏览/下载:55/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

As anthropogenic climate change continues the risks to biodiversity will increase over time, with future projections indicating that a potentially catastrophic loss of global biodiversity is on the horizon(1-3). However, our understanding of when and how abruptly this climate-driven disruption of biodiversity will occur is limited because biodiversity forecasts typically focus on individual snapshots of the future. Here we use annual projections (from 1850 to 2100) of temperature and precipitation across the ranges of more than 30,000 marine and terrestrial species to estimate the timing of their exposure to potentially dangerous climate conditions. We project that future disruption of ecological assemblages as a result of climate change will be abrupt, because within any given ecological assemblage the exposure of most species to climate conditions beyond their realized niche limits occurs almost simultaneously. Under a high-emissions scenario (representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5), such abrupt exposure events begin before 2030 in tropical oceans and spread to tropical forests and higher latitudes by 2050. If global warming is kept below 2 degrees C, less than 2% of assemblages globally are projected to undergo abrupt exposure events of more than 20% of their constituent species  however, the risk accelerates with the magnitude of warming, threatening 15% of assemblages at 4 degrees C, with similar levels of risk in protected and unprotected areas. These results highlight the impending risk of sudden and severe biodiversity losses from climate change and provide a framework for predicting both when and where these events may occur.


Using annual projections of temperature and precipitation to estimate when species will be exposed to potentially harmful climate conditions reveals that disruption of ecological assemblages as a result of climate change will be abrupt and could start as early as the current decade.