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Natural variability or climate change? Stakeholder and citizen perceptions of extreme event attribution 期刊论文
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS, 2020, 62
作者:  Osaka, Shannon;  Bellamy, Rob
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
Extreme event attribution  Climate change  Perception  California drought  Weather  Climate communication  
Extreme rainfall triggered the 2018 rift eruption at Kilauea Volcano 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7804) : 491-+
作者:  Cloutier, Richard;  Clement, Alice M.;  Lee, Michael S. Y.;  Noel, Roxanne;  Bechard, Isabelle;  Roy, Vincent;  Long, John A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:33/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

The May 2018 rift intrusion and eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'  i, represented one of its most extraordinary eruptive sequences in at least 200 years, yet the trigger mechanism remains elusive(1). The event was preceded by several months of anomalously high precipitation. It has been proposed that rainfall can modulate shallow volcanic activity(2,3), but it remains unknown whether it can have impacts at the greater depths associated with magma transport. Here we show that immediately before and during the eruption, infiltration of rainfall into Kilauea Volcano'  s subsurface increased pore pressure at depths of 1 to 3 kilometres by 0.1 to 1 kilopascals, to its highest pressure in almost 50 years. We propose that weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice was driven by changes in pore pressure within the rift zone, prompting opportunistic dyke intrusion and ultimately facilitating the eruption. A precipitation-induced eruption trigger is consistent with the lack of precursory summit inflation, showing that this intrusion-unlike others-was not caused by the forceful intrusion of new magma into the rift zone. Moreover, statistical analysis of historic eruption occurrence suggests that rainfall patterns contribute substantially to the timing and frequency of Kilauea'  s eruptions and intrusions. Thus, volcanic activity can be modulated by extreme rainfall triggering edifice rock failure-a factor that should be considered when assessing volcanic hazards. Notably, the increasingly extreme weather patterns associated with ongoing anthropogenic climate change could increase the potential for rainfall-triggered volcanic phenomena worldwide.


Immediately before and during the eruption of Ki & x304  lauea Volcano in May 2018, anomalously high rainfall increased the pore pressure in the subsurface to its highest level in 50 years, causing weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice.


  
Natural hazard threats to pollinators and pollination 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019
作者:  Nicholson, Charlie C.;  Egan, Paul A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
disturbance  ecosystem service  extreme event  extreme weather  natural hazard  pollination  resilience  vulnerability  
1984 Ivanovo tornado outbreak: Determination of actual tornado tracks with satellite data 期刊论文
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH, 2018, 207: 111-121
作者:  Chernokulsky, Alexander;  Shikhov, Andrey
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
Severe storm  Tornado climatology  Landsat images  Forest loss  Deep moist convection  Extreme weather event  
Quantifying the effect of interannual ocean variability on the attribution of extreme climate events to human influence 期刊论文
CLIMATE DYNAMICS, 2017, 49
作者:  Risser, Mark D.;  Stone, Daithi A.;  Paciorek, Christopher J.;  Wehner, Michael F.;  Angelil, Oliver
收藏  |  浏览/下载:5/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
Climate change  Anthropogenic  Event attribution  Extreme weather  Risk ratio  
Increase in the number of extremely strong fronts over Europe? A study based on ERA-Interim reanalysis (1979-2014) 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2017, 44 (1)
作者:  Schemm, S.;  Sprenger, M.;  Martius, O.;  Wernli, H.;  Zimmer, M.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:5/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
high-impact weather  weather front  precipitation  trend  extreme event  
The Global Climate in 2011?2015 科技报告
来源:World Meteorological Organization (WMO). 出版年: 2016
作者:  World Meteorological Organization
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/05
Climate monitoring  Extreme weather event  - International  
The Global Climate in 2011–2015 科技报告
来源:World Meteorological Organization (WMO). 出版年: 2016
作者:  World Meteorological Organization
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/05
Climate monitoring  Extreme weather event  - International  
Seamless prediction of the Earth system: from minutes to months 科技报告
来源:World Meteorological Organization (WMO). 出版年: 2015
作者:  World Meteorological Organization
收藏  |  浏览/下载:5/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/05
Earth-System  Numerical weather prediction  Extreme weather event  - International  
WMO Guidelines on Multi-hazard Impact-based Forecast and Warning Services 科技报告
来源:World Meteorological Organization (WMO). 出版年: 2015
作者:  World Meteorological Organization
收藏  |  浏览/下载:123/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/05
Weather forecasting  Extreme weather event  Weather service  Guidelines  - International