RAPID: The nature and physics of the Montecito debris flows of January 9, 2018, increasing community resiliency to debris flow hazards

GSTDTAP

项目编号	1830169
	RAPID: The nature and physics of the Montecito debris flows of January 9, 2018, increasing community resiliency to debris flow hazards
	Kristin Morell
主持机构	University of California-Santa Barbara
项目开始年	2018
	2018-03-01
项目结束日期	2019-02-28
资助机构	US-NSF
项目类别	Standard Grant
项目经费	20470(USD)
国家	美国
语种	英语
英文摘要	Debris flows have caused widespread destruction and loss of human life and infrastructure, with several major tragedies unfolding just in the past 10 years along the Pacific coast and Pacific northwest. On January 9, 2018, three large debris flows in the village of Montecito, Santa Barbara County, California, killed 21 people, destroyed or damaged over 390 homes and commercial buildings, and closed all local traffic for several weeks. The flows were caused by intense precipitation in the days following the Thomas Fire, the largest wildfire in California history. Research suggests the debris flow hazards posed by the Thomas fire may continue for 2 or more years in the wider area affected by the fire. The impact of the debris flows on the Montecito community was increased because both the public and local hazard management officials lacked a clear understanding of the physics of debris flows and the conditions that lead to them. Direct interactions with the public through library Town Hall meetings and articles in the local newspapers should help to educate residents as to the regional geologic setting, the use and understanding of specific terminology ("debris flow" instead of the more benign-sounding "flash flood" or "mudslide"), and to instill a realistic understanding of the danger of these rapidly moving boulder-laden slurries and the need for self-preservation through immediate attention to emergency management instructions. It should also refine those instructions to be unequivocal mandatory evacuation warnings rather than non-mandatory suggestions. Current understanding of the physics of natural debris flows and flow-surface profiles is largely based on interpretation of remnant debris flow deposits. However, understanding the physics of any single debris flow requires the collection of important flow data that are often erased from the geologic record within months to several years. Morell, Dunne and Keller will constrain critical aspects of physical debris flow processes associated with the Jan 9, 2018 Montecito event by collecting time-sensitive field data as to the height and flow direction of the peak flow, the volume of eroded and deposited source material, and the sedimentary character of debris flow deposits, key data needed to understand the source regions, peak velocity, rheology, and the runout, bulking, and scouring of large debris flows. By constructing detailed maps and cross-sections of the debris flow deposits along the three affected drainages, the project will delineate the extent and nature of the event deposit, the surface flow physics that caused the debris flow and the widespread destruction, in preparation for potential near-future events from this same area. It will assess the power of the debris flows to move boulders and attempt to determine scenarios for future flows and warning systems. The project leverages bare-earth LiDAR data (supplied by the county of Santa Barbara) for use as base maps for field work, and aerial photos flown several days after the debris flows (supplied by the company Geomni). This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
文献类型	项目
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/72308
专题	环境与发展全球科技态势
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kristin Morell.RAPID: The nature and physics of the Montecito debris flows of January 9, 2018, increasing community resiliency to debris flow hazards.2018.