Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1088/1748-9326/aa8e8b |
Effects of biofouling on the sinking behavior of microplastics | |
Kaiser, David; Kowalski, Nicole; Waniek, Joanna J. | |
2017-12-01 | |
发表期刊 | ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS |
ISSN | 1748-9326 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 12期号:12 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Germany |
英文摘要 | Although plastic is ubiquitous in marine systems, our current knowledge of transport mechanisms is limited. Much of the plastic entering the ocean sinks; this is intuitively obvious for polymers such as polystyrene (PS), which have a greater density than seawater, but lower density polymers like polyethylene (PE) also occur in sediments. Biofouling can cause large plastic objects to sink, but this phenomenon has not been described for microplastics < 5 mm. We incubated PS and PE microplastic particles in estuarine and coastal waters to determine how biofouling changes their sinking behavior. Sinking velocities of PS increased by 16% in estuarine water (salinity 9.8) and 81% in marine water (salinity 36) after 6 weeks of incubation. Thereafter sinking velocities decreased due to lower water temperatures and reduced light availability. Biofouling did not cause PE to sink during the 14 weeks of incubation in estuarine water, but PE started to sink after six weeks in coastal water when sufficiently colonized by blue mussels Mytilus edulis, and its velocity continued to increase until the end of the incubation period. Sinking velocities of these PE pellets were similar irrespective of salinity (10 vs. 36). Biofilm composition differed between estuarine and coastal stations, presumably accounting for differences in sinking behavior. We demonstrate that biofouling enhances microplastic deposition to marine sediments, and our findings should improve microplastic transport models. |
英文关键词 | sinking velocity biofilm microplastic incubation polystyrene polyethylene SEM |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000417530700001 |
WOS关键词 | MARINE PLASTICS ; DEBRIS ; ACCUMULATION ; PARTICLES ; SEDIMENTS ; BIOFILMS ; SIZE |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/36504 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | Leibniz Inst Balt Sea Res, Seestr 15, D-18119 Rostock, Germany |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Kaiser, David,Kowalski, Nicole,Waniek, Joanna J.. Effects of biofouling on the sinking behavior of microplastics[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS,2017,12(12). |
APA | Kaiser, David,Kowalski, Nicole,&Waniek, Joanna J..(2017).Effects of biofouling on the sinking behavior of microplastics.ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS,12(12). |
MLA | Kaiser, David,et al."Effects of biofouling on the sinking behavior of microplastics".ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS 12.12(2017). |
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