Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1029/2021WR030980 |
Effect of water withdrawal on the appearance and sound level of waterfalls | |
I. Schalko; R. M. Boes | |
2021-10-04 | |
发表期刊 | Water Resources Research
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出版年 | 2021 |
英文摘要 | For rivers or streams with waterfalls, water withdrawal for multiple uses can lead to potential conflicts of interest. The question arises to what extent water withdrawal impairs the appearance and acoustics of waterfalls. A data set was analyzed of 15 waterfalls of different morphological types in Switzerland, Austria, and Norway. It comprises discharge measurements as well as photo imaging and sound level measurements. The variations of waterfall appearance and sound level decreased after reaching a threshold discharge value for all investigated morphological waterfall types. For low discharges, visible and acoustics changes were more significant compared to higher discharges. Acoustics changes were less pronounced than visual changes. The acoustics and visual extent of a water withdrawal can be calculated with a novel assessment equation using a normalized discharge. Based on an impact intensity, which is a function of the extent of the water withdrawal and the non-monetary waterfall value, the selected residual discharge can be evaluated. In addition, a software tool was developed to enable a sensitivity analysis of the required residual discharge to maintain a certain waterfall appearance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
领域 | 资源环境 |
URL | 查看原文 |
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文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/339848 |
专题 | 资源环境科学 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | I. Schalko,R. M. Boes. Effect of water withdrawal on the appearance and sound level of waterfalls[J]. Water Resources Research,2021. |
APA | I. Schalko,&R. M. Boes.(2021).Effect of water withdrawal on the appearance and sound level of waterfalls.Water Resources Research. |
MLA | I. Schalko,et al."Effect of water withdrawal on the appearance and sound level of waterfalls".Water Resources Research (2021). |
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