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DOI | 10.1073/pnas.2025632118 |
Anatomy of strike-slip fault tsunami genesis | |
Ahmed Elbanna; Mohamed Abdelmeguid; Xiao Ma; Faisal Amlani; Harsha S. Bhat; Costas Synolakis; Ares J. Rosakis | |
2021-05-11 | |
发表期刊 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Science
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出版年 | 2021 |
英文摘要 | Tsunami generation from earthquake-induced seafloor deformations has long been recognized as a major hazard to coastal areas. Strike-slip faulting has generally been considered insufficient for triggering large tsunamis, except through the generation of submarine landslides. Herein, we demonstrate that ground motions due to strike-slip earthquakes can contribute to the generation of large tsunamis (>1 m), under rather generic conditions. To this end, we developed a computational framework that integrates models for earthquake rupture dynamics with models of tsunami generation and propagation. The three-dimensional time-dependent vertical and horizontal ground motions from spontaneous dynamic rupture models are used to drive boundary motions in the tsunami model. Our results suggest that supershear ruptures propagating along strike-slip faults, traversing narrow and shallow bays, are prime candidates for tsunami generation. We show that dynamic focusing and the large horizontal displacements, characteristic of strike-slip earthquakes on long faults, are critical drivers for the tsunami hazard. These findings point to intrinsic mechanisms for sizable tsunami generation by strike-slip faulting, which do not require complex seismic sources, landslides, or complicated bathymetry. Furthermore, our model identifies three distinct phases in the tsunamic motion, an instantaneous dynamic phase, a lagging coseismic phase, and a postseismic phase, each of which may affect coastal areas differently. We conclude that near-source tsunami hazards and risk from strike-slip faulting need to be re-evaluated. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
URL | 查看原文 |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/325899 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Ahmed Elbanna,Mohamed Abdelmeguid,Xiao Ma,et al. Anatomy of strike-slip fault tsunami genesis[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science,2021. |
APA | Ahmed Elbanna.,Mohamed Abdelmeguid.,Xiao Ma.,Faisal Amlani.,Harsha S. Bhat.,...&Ares J. Rosakis.(2021).Anatomy of strike-slip fault tsunami genesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. |
MLA | Ahmed Elbanna,et al."Anatomy of strike-slip fault tsunami genesis".Proceedings of the National Academy of Science (2021). |
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