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CSIRO Chief Scientist Dr Cathy Foley congratulated the pair on their recognition.

"I congratulate Toby and TJ on being internationally recognised for the quality and impact of their research, adding to CSIRO's more than 100 years at the forefront of global scientific excellence," Dr Foley said.

"Science at CSIRO is inherently collaborative, and this honour from our colleagues in the US recognises the importance of working with the best around the world to solve the planet's greatest challenges through innovative science and technology."

Professor Walsh has been recognised for his leadership and significant contributions to automated deduction, constraint programming, and fairness in artificial intelligence.

Professor Walsh's work in AI has focused on enabling computers to do tasks that require intelligence, ranging from how to route trucks more efficiently, to how to best allocate donated kidneys to patients.

"It is a wonderful accolade to join some of the best scientists around the world as a Fellow of AAAS," Professor Walsh said.

"I especially value the work of AAAS in promoting evidence-based policy, as well as in encouraging diversity and inclusion in science.

"I would also like to acknowledge the exceptional colleagues at CSIRO's Data61 and other research labs around the world, with whom I have had the privilege to work alongside."

Dr Higgins has spent the latter part of his career working with an international team of researchers to protect cowpeas from the damaging legume pod-borer.

Cowpeas or black-eyed peas are a major source of protein for 200 million people in West Africa, sometimes referred to as 'poor-man's meat'.

Through breeding the Bt gene into cowpea, Dr Higgins and his African colleagues have given the plant its own built in insect protection. In late 2019 the first insect-resistant cowpea variety was approved in Africa.

"This is a great honour from my US colleagues and recognises our combined efforts with the African Agricultural Technology Foundation to improve food security among some of the world's poorest farmers," Dr Higgins said.

A total of 489 members have been awarded this honor by AAAS in 2020 because of their scientifically or socially distinguished efforts to advance science or its applications. They will be formally inducted at a ceremony in early 2021.

The tradition of AAAS Fellows began in 1874.

• More on Professor Walsh's work can be found at: Algorithmic Decision Theory
• More on Dr Higgins' work can be found at: Insect protected cowpeas