Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.5194/acp-17-9761-2017 |
On the spatio-temporal representativeness of observations | |
Schutgens, Nick1,5; Tsyro, Svetlana2; Gryspeerdt, Edward3,6; Goto, Daisuke4; Weigum, Natalie1; Schulz, Michael2; Stier, Philip1 | |
2017-08-21 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS |
ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 17期号:16 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | England; Norway; Germany; Japan; Netherlands |
英文摘要 | The discontinuous spatio-temporal sampling of observations has an impact when using them to construct climatologies or evaluate models. Here we provide estimates of this so-called representation error for a range of timescales and length scales (semi-annually down to sub-daily, 300 to 50 km) and show that even after substantial averaging of data significant representation errors may remain, larger than typical measurement errors. Our study considers a variety of observations: ground-site or in situ remote sensing (PM2.5, black carbon mass or number concentrations), satellite remote sensing with imagers or lidar (extinction). We show that observational coverage (a measure of how dense the spatio-temporal sampling of the observations is) is not an effective metric to limit representation errors. Different strategies to construct monthly gridded satellite L3 data are assessed and temporal averaging of spatially aggregated observations (super-observations) is found to be the best, although it still allows for significant representation errors. However, temporal collocation of data (possible when observations are compared to model data or other observations), combined with temporal averaging, can be very effective at reducing representation errors. We also show that ground-based and wide-swath imager satellite remote sensing data give rise to similar representation errors, although their observational sampling is different. Finally, emission sources and orography can lead to representation errors that are very hard to reduce, even with substantial temporal averaging. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000408028200001 |
WOS关键词 | AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH ; POLAR ORBITING SATELLITES ; SAMPLING UNCERTAINTY ; GLOBAL PRECIPITATION ; MODEL ; TEMPERATURE ; VARIABILITY ; RETRIEVALS ; RESOLUTION ; SURFACE |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/28406 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England; 2.Norwegian Meteorol Inst, POB 43 Blindern, N-0312 Oslo, Norway; 3.Univ Leipzig, Inst Meteorol, Stephanstr 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; 4.Natl Inst Environm Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan; 5.Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands; 6.Imperial Coll London, Space & Atmospher Phys Grp, London SW7 2AJ, England |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Schutgens, Nick,Tsyro, Svetlana,Gryspeerdt, Edward,et al. On the spatio-temporal representativeness of observations[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2017,17(16). |
APA | Schutgens, Nick.,Tsyro, Svetlana.,Gryspeerdt, Edward.,Goto, Daisuke.,Weigum, Natalie.,...&Stier, Philip.(2017).On the spatio-temporal representativeness of observations.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,17(16). |
MLA | Schutgens, Nick,et al."On the spatio-temporal representativeness of observations".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 17.16(2017). |
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