Spectroscopic confirmation of a mature galaxy cluster at a redshift of 2

doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1829-4

GSTDTAP > 地球科学

DOI	10.1038/s41586-019-1829-4
	Spectroscopic confirmation of a mature galaxy cluster at a redshift of 2
	Willis, J. P.1; Canning, R. E. A.2; Noordeh, E. S.2,3; Allen, S. W.2; King, A. L.2; Mantz, A.2,3; Morris, R. G.2,4; Stanford, S. A.5; Brammer, G.6
	2020-05-01
发表期刊	NATURE
ISSN	0028-0836
EISSN	1476-4687
出版年	2020
卷号	577 期号:7788 页码:39-+
文章类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	Canada; USA; Denmark
英文关键词	Galaxy clusters are the most massive virialized structures in the Universe and are formed through the gravitational accretion of matter over cosmic time(1). The discovery(2) of an evolved galaxy cluster at redshift z = 2, corresponding to a look-back time of 10.4 billion years, provides an opportunity to study its properties. The galaxy cluster XLSSC 122 was originally detected as a faint, extended X-ray source in the XMM Large Scale Structure survey and was revealed to be coincident with a compact over-density of galaxies(2) with photometric redshifts of 1.9 +/- 0.2. Subsequent observations3 at millimetre wavelengths detected a Sunyaev-Zel' dovich decrement along the line of sight to XLSSC 122, thus confirming the existence of hot intracluster gas, while deep imaging spectroscopy from the European Space Agency' s X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) revealed(4) an extended, X-ray-bright gaseous atmosphere with a virial temperature of 60 million Kelvin, enriched with metals to the same extent as are local clusters. Here we report optical spectroscopic observations of XLSSC 122 and identify 37 member galaxies at a mean redshift of 1.98, corresponding to a look-back time of 10.4 billion years. We use photometry to determine a mean, dust-free stellar age of 2.98 billion years, indicating that star formation commenced in these galaxies at a mean redshift of 12, when the Universe was only 370 million years old. The full range of inferred formation redshifts, including the effects of dust, covers the interval from 7 to 13. These observations confirm that XLSSC 122 is a remarkably mature galaxy cluster with both evolved stellar populations in the member galaxies and a hot, metal-rich gas composing the intracluster medium.
领域	地球科学 ; 气候变化 ; 资源环境
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000505617400022
WOS关键词	STELLAR POPULATION ; PHOTOMETRY ; EVOLUTION ; COMA
WOS类目	Multidisciplinary Sciences
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/280947
专题	地球科学资源环境科学气候变化
作者单位	1.Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada; 2.Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA; 3.Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA; 4.SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA; 5.Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA; 6.Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Cosm Dawn Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Willis, J. P.,Canning, R. E. A.,Noordeh, E. S.,et al. Spectroscopic confirmation of a mature galaxy cluster at a redshift of 2[J]. NATURE,2020,577(7788):39-+.
APA	Willis, J. P..,Canning, R. E. A..,Noordeh, E. S..,Allen, S. W..,King, A. L..,...&Brammer, G..(2020).Spectroscopic confirmation of a mature galaxy cluster at a redshift of 2.NATURE,577(7788),39-+.
MLA	Willis, J. P.,et al."Spectroscopic confirmation of a mature galaxy cluster at a redshift of 2".NATURE 577.7788(2020):39-+.