Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.5194/acp-17-8739-2017 |
Comparison of primary and secondary particle formation from natural gas engine exhaust and of their volatility characteristics | |
Alanen, Jenni1; Simonen, Pauli1; Saarikoski, Sanna2; Timonen, Hilkka2; Kangasniemi, Oskari1; Saukko, Erkka1; Hillamo, Risto2; Lehtoranta, Kati3; Murtonen, Timo3; Vesala, Hannu3; Keskinen, Jorma1; Ronkko, Topi1 | |
2017-07-18 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
![]() |
ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 17期号:14 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Finland |
英文摘要 | Natural gas usage in the traffic and energy production sectors is a growing trend worldwide; thus, an assessment of its effects on air quality, human health and climate is required. Engine exhaust is a source of primary particulate emissions and secondary aerosol precursors, which both contribute to air quality and can cause adverse health effects. Technologies, such as cleaner engines or fuels, that produce less primary and secondary aerosols could potentially significantly decrease atmospheric particle concentrations and their adverse effects. In this study, we used a potential aerosol mass (PAM) chamber to investigate the secondary aerosol formation potential of natural gas engine exhaust. The PAM chamber was used with a constant UV-light voltage, which resulted in relatively long equivalent atmospheric ages of 11 days at most. The studied retro-fitted natural gas engine exhaust was observed to form secondary aerosol. The mass of the total aged particles, i.e., particle mass measured downstream of the PAM chamber, was 6-268 times as high as the mass of the emitted primary exhaust particles. The secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation potential was measured to be 9-20 mg kg(fuel)(-1). The total aged particles mainly consisted of organic matter, nitrate, sulfate and ammonium, with the fractions depending on exhaust after-treatment and the engine parameters used. Also, the volatility, composition and concentration of the total aged particles were found to depend on the engine operating mode, catalyst temperature and catalyst type. For example, a high catalyst temperature promoted the formation of sulfate particles, whereas a low catalyst temperature promoted nitrate formation. However, in particular, the concentration of nitrate needed a long time to stabilize-more than half an hour-which complicated the conclusions but also indicates the sensitivity of nitrate measurements on experimental parameters such as emission source and system temperatures. Sulfate was measured to have the highest evaporation temperature, and nitrate had the lowest. The evaporation temperature of ammonium depended on the fractions of nitrate and sulfate in the particles. The average volatility of the total aged particles was measured to be lower than that of primary particles, indicating better stability of the aged natural gas engine-emitted aerosol in the atmosphere. According to the results of this study, the exhaust of a natural gas engine equipped with a catalyst forms secondary aerosol when the atmospheric ages in a PAM chamber are several days long. The secondary aerosol matter has different physical characteristics from those of primary particulate emissions. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000405773900002 |
WOS关键词 | ORGANIC AEROSOL FORMATION ; PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSIONS ; MASTER CHEMICAL MECHANISM ; MCM V3 PART ; TROPOSPHERIC DEGRADATION ; VEHICLE EMISSIONS ; SULFURIC-ACID ; IN-USE ; DIESEL EXHAUST ; SMOG CHAMBER |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/19474 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Tampere Univ Technol, Fac Nat Sci, Aerosol Phys, POB 692, Tampere, Finland; 2.Finnish Meteorol Inst, Atmospher Composit Res, POB 503, Helsinki, Finland; 3.VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland Ltd, POB 1000, Espoo, Finland |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Alanen, Jenni,Simonen, Pauli,Saarikoski, Sanna,et al. Comparison of primary and secondary particle formation from natural gas engine exhaust and of their volatility characteristics[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2017,17(14). |
APA | Alanen, Jenni.,Simonen, Pauli.,Saarikoski, Sanna.,Timonen, Hilkka.,Kangasniemi, Oskari.,...&Ronkko, Topi.(2017).Comparison of primary and secondary particle formation from natural gas engine exhaust and of their volatility characteristics.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,17(14). |
MLA | Alanen, Jenni,et al."Comparison of primary and secondary particle formation from natural gas engine exhaust and of their volatility characteristics".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 17.14(2017). |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。
修改评论