Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.11.001 |
An assessment of US rare earth availability for supporting US wind energy growth targets | |
Imholte, D. D.; Nguyen, R. T.; Vedantam, A.; Brown, M.; Iyer, A.; Smith, B. J.; Collins, J. W.; Anderson, C. G.; O&; 39;Kelley, B. | |
2018-02-01 | |
发表期刊 | ENERGY POLICY
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ISSN | 0301-4215 |
EISSN | 1873-6777 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 113页码:294-305 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
英文摘要 | Global initiatives are focused on deploying clean energy technologies, such as wind energy, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. U.S. onshore and offshore wind targets have been particularly aggressive. Some wind energy technologies, such as direct-drive wind turbines, rely on a volatile and Chinese-concentrated rare earth element (REE) supply chain. Global efforts have been made to develop new sources of REEs, with limited success. This lack of rare earth availability has been suggested to inhibit direct-drive adoption, despite its energy efficiency benefits. However, it is unclear if new U.S. REE supply could adequately support onshore and offshore direct-drive wind energy growth, and help meet U.S. wind energy targets. This analysis estimates U.S. and Chinese REE availability that could support U.S. direct-drive and other REE demand. Results indicated that U.S. wind installation targets with solely direct-drive designs could only require 4-12% of maximum light rare earth production from Mountain Pass, Bear Lodge and phosphate rock mines. When considering market dynamics and hypothetical U.S. production, U.S. light REE production capacity was not able to provide sufficient light rare earths to achieve wind energy targets. U.S. wind energy targets could be achieved by prioritizing 3-17% of U.S. light REE production for direct-drive wind energy. |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E ; SSCI |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000423009500028 |
WOS关键词 | NDFEB MAGNETS ; TECHNOLOGIES ; TURBINES ; SUBSTITUTION ; DYSPROSIUM ; IMPACT ; CHINA |
WOS类目 | Economics ; Energy & Fuels ; Environmental Sciences ; Environmental Studies |
WOS研究方向 | Business & Economics ; Energy & Fuels ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/19189 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Imholte, D. D.;Nguyen, R. T.;Vedantam, A.;Brown, M.;Iyer, A.;Smith, B. J.;Collins, J. W.;Anderson, C. G.;O&,39;Kelley, B.. An assessment of US rare earth availability for supporting US wind energy growth targets[J]. ENERGY POLICY,2018,113:294-305. |
APA | Imholte, D. D.;Nguyen, R. T.;Vedantam, A.;Brown, M.;Iyer, A.;Smith, B. J.;Collins, J. W.;Anderson, C. G.;O&,&39;Kelley, B..(2018).An assessment of US rare earth availability for supporting US wind energy growth targets.ENERGY POLICY,113,294-305. |
MLA | Imholte, D. D.;Nguyen, R. T.;Vedantam, A.;Brown, M.;Iyer, A.;Smith, B. J.;Collins, J. W.;Anderson, C. G.;O&,et al."An assessment of US rare earth availability for supporting US wind energy growth targets".ENERGY POLICY 113(2018):294-305. |
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