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DOI | 10.1175/JAS-D-19-0042.1 |
An Observational Overview of Dusty Deep Convection in Martian Dust Storms | |
Heavens, Nicholas G.1,2; Kass, David M.3; Shirley, James H.3; Piqueux, Sylvain3; Cantor, Bruce A.4 | |
2019-11-01 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
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ISSN | 0022-4928 |
EISSN | 1520-0469 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 76期号:11页码:3299-3326 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | Deep convection, as used in meteorology, refers to the rapid ascent of air parcels in Earth's troposphere driven by the buoyancy generated by phase change in water. Deep convection undergirds some of Earth's most important and violent weather phenomena and is responsible for many aspects of the observed distribution of energy, momentum, and constituents (particularly water) in Earth's atmosphere. Deep convection driven by buoyancy generated by the radiative heating of atmospheric dust may be similarly important in the atmosphere of Mars but lacks a systematic description. Here we propose a comprehensive framework for this phenomenon of dusty deep convection (DDC) that is supported by energetic calculations and observations of the vertical dust distribution and exemplary dusty deep convective structures within local, regional, and global dust storm activity. In this framework, DDC is distinct from a spectrum of weaker dusty convective activity because DDC originates from preexisting or concurrently forming mesoscale circulations that generate high surface dust fluxes, oppose large-scale horizontal advective-diffusive processes, and are thus able to maintain higher dust concentrations than typically simulated. DDC takes two distinctive forms. Mesoscale circulations that form near Mars's highest volcanoes in dust storms of all scales can transport dust to the base of the upper atmosphere in as little as 2 h. In the second distinctive form, mesoscale circulations at low elevations within regional and global dust storm activity generate freely convecting streamers of dust that are sheared into the middle atmosphere over the diurnal cycle. |
英文关键词 | Deep convection Dust or dust storms Mesoscale processes Mesoscale systems Planetary atmospheres |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000490476800001 |
WOS关键词 | MARS ORBITER CAMERA ; WATER ICE CLOUDS ; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE ; OPTICAL DEPTH ; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY ; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER ; CIRCULATION ; VAPOR ; TRANSPORT ; CLIMATE |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/188131 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Hampton Univ, Dept Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA; 2.Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA; 3.CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA; 4.Malin Space Sci Syst, San Diego, CA USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Heavens, Nicholas G.,Kass, David M.,Shirley, James H.,et al. An Observational Overview of Dusty Deep Convection in Martian Dust Storms[J]. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,2019,76(11):3299-3326. |
APA | Heavens, Nicholas G.,Kass, David M.,Shirley, James H.,Piqueux, Sylvain,&Cantor, Bruce A..(2019).An Observational Overview of Dusty Deep Convection in Martian Dust Storms.JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,76(11),3299-3326. |
MLA | Heavens, Nicholas G.,et al."An Observational Overview of Dusty Deep Convection in Martian Dust Storms".JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 76.11(2019):3299-3326. |
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