Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1088/1748-9326/ab4bfc |
Global unsustainable virtual water flows in agricultural trade | |
Rosa, Lorenzo1; 39;Odorico, Paolo2 | |
2019-11-01 | |
发表期刊 | ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS |
ISSN | 1748-9326 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 14期号:11 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA; Italy; Peoples R China |
英文摘要 | Recent studies have highlighted the reliance of global food production on unsustainable irrigation practices, which deplete freshwater stocks and environmental flows, and consequently impair aquatic ecosystems. Unsustainable irrigation is driven by domestic and international demand for agricultural products. Research on the environmental consequences of trade has often concentrated on the global displacement of pollution and land use, while the effect of trade on water sustainability and the drying of over-depleted watercourses has seldom been recognized and quantified. Here we evaluate unsustainable irrigation water consumption (UWC) associated with global crop production and determine the share of UWC embedded in international trade. We find that, while about 52% of global irrigation is unsustainable, 15% of it is virtually exported, with an average 18% increase between year 2000 and 2015. About 60% of global virtual transfers of UWC are driven by exports of cotton, sugar cane, fruits, and vegetables. One third of UWC in Mexico, Spain, Turkmenistan, South Africa, Morocco, and Australia is associated with demand from the export markets. The globalization of water through trade contributes to running rivers dry, an environmental externality commonly overlooked by trade policies. By identifying the producing and consuming countries that are responsible for unsustainable irrigation embedded in virtual water trade, this study highlights trade links in which policies are needed to achieve sustainable water and food security goals in the coming decades. |
英文关键词 | hydrology virtual water trade irrigation groundwater depletion environmental flows |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E ; SSCI |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000493057400006 |
WOS关键词 | GROUNDWATER DEPLETION ; IRRIGATION ; WITHDRAWAL ; TRANSFERS ; AQUIFERS ; NEXUS ; OIL |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/187996 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 2.Politecn Milan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, I-20133 Milan, Italy; 3.Yunnan Univ, Sch Ecol & Environm Sci, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Rosa, Lorenzo,39;Odorico, Paolo. Global unsustainable virtual water flows in agricultural trade[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS,2019,14(11). |
APA | Rosa, Lorenzo,&39;Odorico, Paolo.(2019).Global unsustainable virtual water flows in agricultural trade.ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS,14(11). |
MLA | Rosa, Lorenzo,et al."Global unsustainable virtual water flows in agricultural trade".ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS 14.11(2019). |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
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