Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.11.012 |
Commercial and biophysical deficits in South America, 1990-2013 | |
Samaniego, Pablo1; Cristina Vallejo, Maria1; Martinez-Alier, Joan2 | |
2017-03-01 | |
发表期刊 | ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS |
ISSN | 0921-8009 |
EISSN | 1873-6106 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 133 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Ecuador; Spain |
英文摘要 | This article analyses the Physical Trade Balances (PTB) of five South American economies since 1990. Both exports and imports (measured in tonnes) increased but exports were consistently much larger than imports. Such large Physical Trade Deficits (PTD) persisted throughout the 1990s and 2000s. Export prices of primary goods increased but by 2013, export prices had declined and the exports could no longer pay for imports. Countries started to show commercial trade deficits (in money terms). These findings hold for all the South American countries analysed and they show that the optimism generated by the improving terms of trade in South America at the beginning of the 21st century was premature. First, there were PTDs even in the boom years; second, the deterioration in the terms of trade after 2012 was accompanied by a counterproductive deficit in the monetary trade balance. It is counterproductive because, in principle, it leads to greater external debts or to outflows of currency reserves. It can also create pressure to increase physical exports. We argue that deficits in the monetary trade balances tend to be compensated by increasing the deficit in the PTB, which can lead to enhanced environmental pressures and therefore to local protests. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
英文关键词 | Trade deficit Terms of trade Ecologically unequal trade Environmental burdens |
领域 | 资源环境 |
收录类别 | SCI-E ; SSCI |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000392039600007 |
WOS关键词 | LATIN-AMERICA ; TRADE ; ECONOMY |
WOS类目 | Ecology ; Economics ; Environmental Sciences ; Environmental Studies |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Business & Economics |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/15785 |
专题 | 资源环境科学 |
作者单位 | 1.FLACSO Ecuador, La Pradera E7-174 & Ave Diego de Almagro, Quito, Ecuador; 2.Univ Autonoma Barcelona, ICTA, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Samaniego, Pablo,Cristina Vallejo, Maria,Martinez-Alier, Joan. Commercial and biophysical deficits in South America, 1990-2013[J]. ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS,2017,133. |
APA | Samaniego, Pablo,Cristina Vallejo, Maria,&Martinez-Alier, Joan.(2017).Commercial and biophysical deficits in South America, 1990-2013.ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS,133. |
MLA | Samaniego, Pablo,et al."Commercial and biophysical deficits in South America, 1990-2013".ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS 133(2017). |
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