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英国部署新的先进机器人浮标以监测海洋健康 快报文章
资源环境快报,2021年第7期
作者:  薛明媚
Microsoft Word(15Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:272/2  |  提交时间:2021/04/20
NOC  BGC Argo Profiling Floats  Carbon Emissions  
利用海洋碳吸收潜力清除大气CO2的方法 快报文章
资源环境快报,2020年第20期
作者:  薛明媚,吴秀平
Microsoft Word(16Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:421/0  |  提交时间:2020/11/02
Carbon dioxide  ocean  carbon emissions  
Uncertainties in macroeconomic assessments of low-carbon transition pathways - The case of the European iron and steel industry 期刊论文
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 2020, 172
作者:  Bachner, G.;  Mayer, J.;  Steininger, K. W.;  Anger-Kraavi, A.;  Smith, A.;  Barker, T. S.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
Climate change mitigation  Uncertainty  Low carbon transition  Iron and steel  Macroeconomic modelling  Process emissions  
After COVID-19, green investment must deliver jobs to get political traction 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 582 (7811) : 178-180
作者:  Lee, Chiu Fan
收藏  |  浏览/下载:2/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Analysis of past recoveries shows a low-carbon reboot matters more for climate than does the brief emissions crash.


Analysis of past recoveries shows a low-carbon reboot matters more for climate than does the brief emissions crash.


  
The coronavirus pandemic in five powerful charts 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7800) : 482-483
作者:  Maxmen, Amy
收藏  |  浏览/下载:15/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

From papers published to carbon emissions to confirmed cases, these data reveal an unprecedented viral outbreak and its impacts around the world.


From papers published to carbon emissions to confirmed cases, these data reveal an unprecedented viral outbreak and its impacts around the world.


  
CARBON IN THE TIME OF COVID-19 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 582 (7811) : 158-159
作者:  Henderson, Caspar
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Near-real-time data on carbon emissions reveal the sectors, countries and events that had the most impact, but it is unclear how long the dip will last.


Near-real-time data on carbon emissions reveal the sectors, countries and events that had the most impact, but it is unclear how long the dip will last.


  
Asynchronous carbon sink saturation in African and Amazonian tropical forests 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7797) : 80-+
作者:  Wannes Hubau;  Simon L. Lewis;  Oliver L. Phillips;  Kofi Affum-Baffoe;  Hans Beeckman;  Aida Cuní;  -Sanchez;  Armandu K. Daniels;  Corneille E. N. Ewango;  Sophie Fauset;  Jacques M. Mukinzi;  Douglas Sheil;  Bonaventure Sonké;  Martin J. P. Sullivan;  Terry C. H. Sunderland;  Hermann Taedoumg;  Sean C. Thomas;  Lee J. T. White;  Katharine A. Abernethy;  Stephen Adu-Bredu;  Christian A. Amani;  Timothy R. Baker;  Lindsay F. Banin;  Fidè;  le Baya;  Serge K. Begne;  Amy C. Bennett;  Fabrice Benedet;  Robert Bitariho;  Yannick E. Bocko;  Pascal Boeckx;  Patrick Boundja;  Roel J. W. Brienen;  Terry Brncic;  Eric Chezeaux;  George B. Chuyong;  Connie J. Clark;  Murray Collins;  James A. Comiskey;  David A. Coomes;  Greta C. Dargie;  Thales de Haulleville;  Marie Noel Djuikouo Kamdem;  Jean-Louis Doucet;  Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert;  Ted R. Feldpausch;  Alusine Fofanah;  Ernest G. Foli;  Martin Gilpin;  Emanuel Gloor;  Christelle Gonmadje;  Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury;  Jefferson S. Hall;  Alan C. Hamilton;  David J. Harris;  Terese B. Hart;  Mireille B. N. Hockemba;  Annette Hladik;  Suspense A. Ifo;  Kathryn J. Jeffery;  Tommaso Jucker;  Emmanuel Kasongo Yakusu;  Elizabeth Kearsley;  David Kenfack;  Alexander Koch;  Miguel E. Leal;  Aurora Levesley;  Jeremy A. Lindsell;  Janvier Lisingo;  Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez;  Jon C. Lovett;  Jean-Remy Makana;  Yadvinder Malhi;  Andrew R. Marshall;  Jim Martin;  Emanuel H. Martin;  Faustin M. Mbayu;  Vincent P. Medjibe;  Vianet Mihindou;  Edward T. A. Mitchard;  Sam Moore;  Pantaleo K. T. Munishi;  Natacha Nssi Bengone;  Lucas Ojo;  Fidè;  le Evouna Ondo;  Kelvin S.-H. Peh;  Georgia C. Pickavance;  Axel Dalberg Poulsen;  John R. Poulsen;  Lan Qie;  Jan Reitsma;  Francesco Rovero;  Michael D. Swaine;  Joey Talbot;  James Taplin;  David M. Taylor;  Duncan W. Thomas;  Benjamin Toirambe;  John Tshibamba Mukendi;  Darlington Tuagben;  Peter M. Umunay;  Geertje M. F. van der Heijden;  Hans Verbeeck;  Jason Vleminckx;  Simon Willcock;  Hannsjö;  rg Wö;  ll;  John T. Woods;  Lise Zemagho
收藏  |  浏览/下载:23/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

Structurally intact tropical forests sequestered about half of the global terrestrial carbon uptake over the 1990s and early 2000s, removing about 15 per cent of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions(1-3). Climate-driven vegetation models typically predict that this tropical forest '  carbon sink'  will continue for decades(4,5). Here we assess trends in the carbon sink using 244 structurally intact African tropical forests spanning 11 countries, compare them with 321 published plots from Amazonia and investigate the underlying drivers of the trends. The carbon sink in live aboveground biomass in intact African tropical forests has been stable for the three decades to 2015, at 0.66 tonnes of carbon per hectare per year (95 per cent confidence interval 0.53-0.79), in contrast to the long-term decline in Amazonian forests(6). Therefore the carbon sink responses of Earth'  s two largest expanses of tropical forest have diverged. The difference is largely driven by carbon losses from tree mortality, with no detectable multi-decadal trend in Africa and a long-term increase in Amazonia. Both continents show increasing tree growth, consistent with the expected net effect of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide and air temperature(7-9). Despite the past stability of the African carbon sink, our most intensively monitored plots suggest a post-2010 increase in carbon losses, delayed compared to Amazonia, indicating asynchronous carbon sink saturation on the two continents. A statistical model including carbon dioxide, temperature, drought and forest dynamics accounts for the observed trends and indicates a long-term future decline in the African sink, whereas the Amazonian sink continues to weaken rapidly. Overall, the uptake of carbon into Earth'  s intact tropical forests peaked in the 1990s. Given that the global terrestrial carbon sink is increasing in size, independent observations indicating greater recent carbon uptake into the Northern Hemisphere landmass(10) reinforce our conclusion that the intact tropical forest carbon sink has already peaked. This saturation and ongoing decline of the tropical forest carbon sink has consequences for policies intended to stabilize Earth'  s climate.


  
Preindustrial (CH4)-C-14 indicates greater anthropogenic fossil CH4 emissions 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 578 (7795) : 409-+
作者:  Keener, Megan;  Hunt, Camden;  Carroll, Timothy G.;  Kampel, Vladimir;  Dobrovetsky, Roman;  Hayton, Trevor W.;  Menard, Gabriel
收藏  |  浏览/下载:25/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

Atmospheric methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas, and its mole fraction has more than doubled since the preindustrial era(1). Fossil fuel extraction and use are among the largest anthropogenic sources of CH4 emissions, but the precise magnitude of these contributions is a subject of debate(2,3). Carbon-14 in CH4 ((CH4)-C-14) can be used to distinguish between fossil (C-14-free) CH4 emissions and contemporaneous biogenic sources  however, poorly constrained direct (CH4)-C-14 emissions from nuclear reactors have complicated this approach since the middle of the 20th century(4,5). Moreover, the partitioning of total fossil CH4 emissions (presently 172 to 195 teragrams CH4 per year)(2,3) between anthropogenic and natural geological sources (such as seeps and mud volcanoes) is under debate  emission inventories suggest that the latter account for about 40 to 60 teragrams CH4 per year(6,7). Geological emissions were less than 15.4 teragrams CH4 per year at the end of the Pleistocene, about 11,600 years ago(8), but that period is an imperfect analogue for present-day emissions owing to the large terrestrial ice sheet cover, lower sea level and extensive permafrost. Here we use preindustrial-era ice core (CH4)-C-14 measurements to show that natural geological CH4 emissions to the atmosphere were about 1.6 teragrams CH4 per year, with a maximum of 5.4 teragrams CH4 per year (95 per cent confidence limit)-an order of magnitude lower than the currently used estimates. This result indicates that anthropogenic fossil CH4 emissions are underestimated by about 38 to 58 teragrams CH4 per year, or about 25 to 40 per cent of recent estimates. Our record highlights the human impact on the atmosphere and climate, provides a firm target for inventories of the global CH4 budget, and will help to inform strategies for targeted emission reductions(9,10).


Isotopic evidence from ice cores indicates that preindustrial-era geological methane emissions were lower than previously thought, suggesting that present-day emissions of methane from fossil fuels are underestimated.


  
REDD plus measurement, reporting and verification - A cost trap? Implications for financing REDD plus MRV costs by result-based payments 期刊论文
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 2020, 168
作者:  Koehl, Michael;  Neupane, Prem Raj;  Mundhenk, Philip
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
REDD  Measurement, reporting, verification  Result-based payments  Transaction cost  Carbon price  Emissions reduction  
State of the science in reconciling top-down and bottom-up approaches for terrestrial CO2 budget 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019
作者:  Kondo, Masayuki;  Patra, Prabir K.;  Sitch, Stephen;  Friedlingstein, Pierre;  Poulter, Benjamin;  Chevallier, Frederic;  Ciais, Philippe;  Canadell, Josep G.;  Bastos, Ana;  Lauerwald, Ronny;  Calle, Leonardo;  Ichii, Kazuhito;  Anthoni, Peter;  Arneth, Almut;  Haverd, Vanessa;  Jain, Atul K.;  Kato, Etsushi;  Kautz, Markus;  Law, Rachel M.;  Lienert, Sebastian;  Lombardozzi, Danica;  Maki, Takashi;  Nakamura, Takashi;  Peylin, Philippe;  Roedenbeck, Christian;  Zhuravlev, Ruslan;  Saeki, Tazu;  Tian, Hanqin;  Zhu, Dan;  Ziehn, Tilo
收藏  |  浏览/下载:21/0  |  提交时间:2020/02/17
atmospheric inversion  biosphere model  carbon stock change  CO2 evasion  land-use change emissions  net CO2 flux  residual land uptake  riverine carbon export  terrestrial CO2 budget