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Recycling and metabolic flexibility dictate life in the lower oceanic crust 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7798) : 250-+
作者:  Zhou, Peng;  Yang, Xing-Lou;  Wang, Xian-Guang;  Hu, Ben;  Zhang, Lei;  Zhang, Wei;  Si, Hao-Rui;  Zhu, Yan;  Li, Bei;  Huang, Chao-Lin;  Chen, Hui-Dong;  Chen, Jing;  Luo, Yun;  Guo, Hua;  Jiang, Ren-Di;  Liu, Mei-Qin;  Chen, Ying;  Shen, Xu-Rui;  Wang, Xi;  Zheng, Xiao-Shuang;  Zhao, Kai;  Chen, Quan-Jiao;  Deng, Fei;  Liu, Lin-Lin;  Yan, Bing;  Zhan, Fa-Xian;  Wang, Yan-Yi;  Xiao, Geng-Fu;  Shi, Zheng-Li
收藏  |  浏览/下载：37/0  |  提交时间：2020/05/13

The lithified lower oceanic crust is one of Earth'  s last biological frontiers as it is difficult to access. It is challenging for microbiota that live in marine subsurface sediments or igneous basement to obtain sufficient carbon resources and energy to support growth(1-3) or to meet basal power requirements(4) during periods of resource scarcity. Here we show how limited and unpredictable sources of carbon and energy dictate survival strategies used by low-biomass microbial communities that live 10-750 m below the seafloor at Atlantis Bank, Indian Ocean, where Earth'  s lower crust is exposed at the seafloor. Assays of enzyme activities, lipid biomarkers, marker genes and microscopy indicate heterogeneously distributed and viable biomass with ultralow cell densities (fewer than 2,000 cells per cm(3)). Expression of genes involved in unexpected heterotrophic processes includes those with a role in the degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, use of polyhydroxyalkanoates as carbon-storage molecules and recycling of amino acids to produce compounds that can participate in redox reactions and energy production. Our study provides insights into how microorganisms in the plutonic crust are able to survive within fractures or porous substrates by coupling sources of energy to organic and inorganic carbon resources that are probably delivered through the circulation of subseafloor fluids or seawater.


  
Drivers of improved PM2.5 air quality in China from 2013 to 2017 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2019
作者:  Qiang Zhang;  Yixuan Zheng;  Dan Tong;  Min Shao;  Shuxiao Wang;  Yuanhang Zhang;  Xiangde Xu;  Jinnan Wang;  Hong He;  Wenqing Liu;  Yihui Ding;  Yu Lei;  Junhua Li;  Zifa Wang;  Xiaoye Zhang;  Yuesi Wang;  Jing Cheng;  Yang Liu;  Qinren Shi;  Liu Yan;  Guannan Geng;  Chaopeng Hong;  Meng Li;  Fei Liu;  Bo Zheng;  Junji Cao;  Aijun Ding;  Jian Gao;  Qingyan Fu;  Juntao Huo;  Baoxian Liu;  Zirui Liu;  Fumo Yang;  Kebin He;  and Jiming Hao
收藏  |  浏览/下载：11/0  |  提交时间：2019/11/27
clean air actions  PM  emission abatements  air quality improvements  health benefits