Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
In many neurodegenerative disorders, the spread of protein aggregates underlies disease progression in the brain. A receptor molecule has now been found that mediates the neuronal uptake of one such harmful protein. See p.381
Chromatin, the complex of DNA and protein in cell nuclei, can be modified by ubiquitin molecules. It emerges that this modification occurs in a molecular reaction chamber formed from an enzyme and a scaffold protein.
A phase-separated reaction chamber for chromatin ubiquitination.
Two threads of research in the quest for methods that predict the 3D structures of proteins from their amino-acid sequences have become fully intertwined. The result is a leap forward in the accuracy of predictions.
A key DNA-repair enzyme has a surprising role during the early steps in the assembly of ribosomes - the molecular machines that translate the genetic code into protein.
The structure of thyroglobulin, the enormous protein that acts as a precursor for thyroid hormones, has been determined, and its hormone-forming tyrosine amino-acid residues have been identified.
Fresh insight into the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones.
Toll-like receptors can initiate an immune response when they detect signs of a viral or microbial threat. New insight into how such receptor activation drives defence programs should aid our efforts to understand autoimmune diseases.
Key adaptor protein found in a pathway that drives interferon production.
A zinc-sensing ion channel, Hodor, has now been found in the intestine of fruit flies. Hodor activates the TORC1 signalling pathway, and in doing so, influences organism-wide growth and metabolism.