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Tackling resolution mismatch of precipitation extremes from gridded GCMs and site-scale observations: Implication to assessment and future projection 期刊论文
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH, 2020, 239
作者:  Li, Jianfeng;  Gan, Thian Yew;  Chen, Yongqin David;  Gu, Xihui;  Hu, Zengyun;  Zhou, Qiming;  Lai, Yangchen
收藏  |  浏览/下载:14/0  |  提交时间:2020/08/18
Strain engineering and epitaxial stabilization of halide perovskites 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 577 (7789) : 209-+
作者:  Chen, Yimu;  Lei, Yusheng;  Li, Yuheng;  Yu, Yugang;  Cai, Jinze;  Chiu, Ming-Hui;  Rao, Rahul;  Gu, Yue;  Wang, Chunfeng;  Choi, Woojin;  Hu, Hongjie;  Wang, Chonghe;  Li, Yang;  Song, Jiawei;  Zhang, Jingxin;  Qi, Baiyan;  Lin, Muyang;  Zhang, Zhuorui;  Islam, Ahmad E.;  Maruyama, Benji;  Dayeh, Shadi;  Li, Lain-Jong;  Yang, Kesong;  Lo, Yu-Hwa;  Xu, Sheng
收藏  |  浏览/下载:27/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Strain engineering is a powerful tool with which to enhance semiconductor device performance(1,2). Halide perovskites have shown great promise in device applications owing to their remarkable electronic and optoelectronic properties(3-5). Although applying strain to halide perovskites has been frequently attempted, including using hydrostatic pressurization(6-8), electrostriction(9), annealing(10-12), van der Waals force(13), thermal expansion mismatch(14), and heat-induced substrate phase transition(15), the controllable and device-compatible strain engineering of halide perovskites by chemical epitaxy remains a challenge, owing to the absence of suitable lattice-mismatched epitaxial substrates. Here we report the strained epitaxial growth of halide perovskite single-crystal thin films on lattice-mismatched halide perovskite substrates. We investigated strain engineering of a-formamidinium lead iodide (alpha-FAPbI(3)) using both experimental techniques and theoretical calculations. By tailoring the substrate composition-and therefore its lattice parameter-a compressive strain as high as 2.4 per cent is applied to the epitaxial alpha-FAPbI(3) thin film. We demonstrate that this strain effectively changes the crystal structure, reduces the bandgap and increases the hole mobility of alpha-FAPbI(3). Strained epitaxy is also shown to have a substantial stabilization effect on the alpha-FAPbI(3) phase owing to the synergistic effects of epitaxial stabilization and strain neutralization. As an example, strain engineering is applied to enhance the performance of an alpha-FAPbI(3)-based photodetector.


  
Disconnects between ecological theory and data in phenological mismatch research 期刊论文
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE, 2020, 10 (5) : 406-415
作者:  Kharouba, Heather M.;  Wolkovich, Elizabeth M.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:4/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
Compensating for climate change-induced cue-environment mismatches: evidence for contemporary evolution of a photoperiodic reaction norm in Colias butterflies 期刊论文
ECOLOGY LETTERS, 2020, 23 (7) : 1129-1136
作者:  Nielsen, Matthew E.;  Kingsolver, Joel G.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
Climate change  Colias eurytheme  contemporary evolution  evolutionary trap  melanization  phenotypic plasticity  photoperiod  reaction norm  seasonal mismatch  
Improving Hydrological Models With the Assimilation of Crowdsourced Data 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2020, 56 (5)
作者:  Avellaneda, P. M.;  Ficklin, D. L.;  Lowry, C. S.;  Knouft, J. H.;  Hall, D. M.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:13/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
citizen science  data assimilation  streamflow  stream temperature  
Trait-Based Assessments of Climate-Change Impacts on Interacting Species 期刊论文
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION, 2020, 35 (4) : 319-328
作者:  Schleuning, Matthias;  Neuschulz, Eike Lena;  Albrecht, Joerg;  Bender, Irene M. A.;  Bowler, Diana E.;  Dehling, D. Matthias;  Fritz, Susanne A.;  Hof, Christian;  Mueller, Thomas;  Nowak, Larissa;  Sorensen, Marjorie C.;  Boehning-Gaese, Katrin;  Kissling, W. Daniel
收藏  |  浏览/下载:10/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
Evaluating China's anthropogenic CO2 emissions inventories: a northern China case study using continuous surface observations from 2005 to 2009 期刊论文
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, 2020, 20 (6) : 3569-3588
作者:  Dayalu, Archana;  Munger, J. William;  Wang, Yuxuan;  Wofsy, Steven C.;  Zhao, Yu;  Nehrkorn, Thomas;  Nielsen, Chris;  McElroy, Michael B.;  Chang, Rachel
收藏  |  浏览/下载:10/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
Two-dimensional halide perovskite lateral epitaxial heterostructures 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7805) : 614-+
作者:  Cabrita, Rita;  Lauss, Martin;  Sanna, Adriana;  Donia, Marco;  Larsen, Mathilde;  Mitra, Shamik;  Johansson, Iva;  Phung, Bengt;  Harbst, Katja;  Vallon-Christersson, Johan;  van Schoiack, Alison;  Lovgren, Kristina;  Warren, Sarah;  Jirstrom, Karin;  Olsson, Hakan;  Pietras, Kristian;  Ingvar, Christian;  Isaksson, Karolin
收藏  |  浏览/下载:26/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Epitaxial heterostructures based on oxide perovskites and III-V, II-VI and transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors form the foundation of modern electronics and optoelectronics(1-7). Halide perovskites-an emerging family of tunable semiconductors with desirable properties-are attractive for applications such as solution-processed solar cells, light-emitting diodes, detectors and lasers(8-15). Their inherently soft crystal lattice allows greater tolerance to lattice mismatch, making them promising for heterostructure formation and semiconductor integration(16,17). Atomically sharp epitaxial interfaces are necessary to improve performance and for device miniaturization. However, epitaxial growth of atomically sharp heterostructures of halide perovskites has not yet been achieved, owing to their high intrinsic ion mobility, which leads to interdiffusion and large junction widths(18-21), and owing to their poor chemical stability, which leads to decomposition of prior layers during the fabrication of subsequent layers. Therefore, understanding the origins of this instability and identifying effective approaches to suppress ion diffusion are of great importance(22-26). Here we report an effective strategy to substantially inhibit in-plane ion diffusion in two-dimensional halide perovskites by incorporating rigid pi-conjugated organic ligands. We demonstrate highly stable and tunable lateral epitaxial heterostructures, multiheterostructures and superlattices. Near-atomically sharp interfaces and epitaxial growth are revealed by low-dose aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm the reduced heterostructure disorder and larger vacancy formation energies of the two-dimensional perovskites in the presence of conjugated ligands. These findings provide insights into the immobilization and stabilization of halide perovskite semiconductors and demonstrate a materials platform for complex and molecularly thin superlattices, devices and integrated circuits.


An epitaxial growth strategy that improves the stability of two-dimensional halide perovskites by inhibiting ion diffusion in their heterostructures using rigid pi-conjugated ligands is demonstrated, and shows near-atomically sharp interfaces.


  
Impacts of climate change and deforestation on hydropower planning in the Brazilian Amazon 期刊论文
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY, 2020, 3 (6) : 430-436
作者:  Arias, Mauricio E.;  Farinosi, Fabio;  Lee, Eunjee;  Livino, Angela;  Briscoe, John;  Moorcroft, Paul R.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
Mechanisms and therapeutic implications of hypermutation in gliomas 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7804) : 517-+
作者:  Feng, Kaibo;  Quevedo, Raundi E.;  Kohrt, Jeffrey T.;  Oderinde, Martins S.;  Reilly, Usa;  White, M. Christina
收藏  |  浏览/下载:27/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

A high tumour mutational burden (hypermutation) is observed in some gliomas(1-5)  however, the mechanisms by which hypermutation develops and whether it predicts the response to immunotherapy are poorly understood. Here we comprehensively analyse the molecular determinants of mutational burden and signatures in 10,294 gliomas. We delineate two main pathways to hypermutation: a de novo pathway associated with constitutional defects in DNA polymerase and mismatch repair (MMR) genes, and a more common post-treatment pathway, associated with acquired resistance driven by MMR defects in chemotherapy-sensitive gliomas that recur after treatment with the chemotherapy drug temozolomide. Experimentally, the mutational signature of post-treatment hypermutated gliomas was recapitulated by temozolomide-induced damage in cells with MMR deficiency. MMR-deficient gliomas were characterized by a lack of prominent T cell infiltrates, extensive intratumoral heterogeneity, poor patient survival and a low rate of response to PD-1 blockade. Moreover, although bulk analyses did not detect microsatellite instability in MMR-deficient gliomas, single-cell whole-genome sequencing analysis of post-treatment hypermutated glioma cells identified microsatellite mutations. These results show that chemotherapy can drive the acquisition of hypermutated populations without promoting a response to PD-1 blockade and supports the diagnostic use of mutational burden and signatures in cancer.


Temozolomide therapy seems to lead to mismatch repair deficiency and hypermutation in gliomas, but not to an increase in response to immunotherapy.