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研究首次证实太空飓风的存在 快报文章
地球科学快报,2021年第6期
作者:  张树良
Microsoft Word(16Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:466/0  |  提交时间:2021/03/24
Satellite observations  space hurricanes  
格陵兰冰盖径流量显著增强 快报文章
资源环境快报,2021年第21期
作者:  董利苹
Microsoft Word(13Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:683/0  |  提交时间:2021/11/15
Greenland Ice Sheet Runoff  Variability  Satellite Observations  
Patterns and trends of Northern Hemisphere snow mass from 1980 to 2018 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 581 (7808) : 294-+
作者:  Ibrahim, Nizar;  Maganuco, Simone;  Dal Sasso, Cristiano;  Fabbri, Matteo;  Auditore, Marco;  Bindellini, Gabriele;  Martill, David M.;  Zouhri, Samir;  Mattarelli, Diego A.;  Unwin, David M.;  Wiemann, Jasmina;  Bonadonna, Davide;  Amane, Ayoub;  Jakubczak, Juliana;  Joger, Ulrich;  Lauder, George V.;  Pierce, Stephanie E.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:18/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/25

Warming surface temperatures have driven a substantial reduction in the extent and duration of Northern Hemisphere snow cover(1-3). These changes in snow cover affect Earth'  s climate system via the surface energy budget, and influence freshwater resources across a large proportion of the Northern Hemisphere(4-6). In contrast to snow extent, reliable quantitative knowledge on seasonal snow mass and its trend is lacking(7-9). Here we use the new GlobSnow 3.0 dataset to show that the 1980-2018 annual maximum snow mass in the Northern Hemisphere was, on average, 3,062 +/- 35 billion tonnes (gigatonnes). Our quantification is for March (the month that most closely corresponds to peak snow mass), covers non-alpine regions above 40 degrees N and, crucially, includes a bias correction based on in-field snow observations. We compare our GlobSnow 3.0 estimates with three independent estimates of snow mass, each with and without the bias correction. Across the four datasets, the bias correction decreased the range from 2,433-3,380 gigatonnes (mean 2,867) to 2,846-3,062 gigatonnes (mean 2,938)-a reduction in uncertainty from 33% to 7.4%. On the basis of our bias-corrected GlobSnow 3.0 estimates, we find different continental trends over the 39-year satellite record. For example, snow mass decreased by 46 gigatonnes per decade across North America but had a negligible trend across Eurasia  both continents exhibit high regional variability. Our results enable a better estimation of the role of seasonal snow mass in Earth'  s energy, water and carbon budgets.


Applying a bias correction to a state-of-the-art dataset covering non-alpine regions of the Northern Hemisphere and to three other datasets yields a more constrained quantification of snow mass in March from 1980 to 2018.


  
Relationship Between Precipitation Extremes and Convective Organization Inferred From Satellite Observations 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (9)
作者:  Semie, Addisu Gezahegn;  Bony, Sandrine
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
precipitation extremes  convective organization  tropical convection  satellite observations  
Global Wave Height Trends and Variability from New Multimission Satellite Altimeter Products, Reanalyses, and Wave Buoys 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (9)
作者:  Timmermans, B. W.;  Gommenginger, C. P.;  Dodet, G.;  Bidlot, J-R
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
Sea state  Wave height  Trends  Altimetry  Satellite wave observations  Dataset intercomparison  
Intercomparison of annual precipitation indices and extremes over global land areas from in situ, space-based and reanalysis products 期刊论文
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 15 (5)
作者:  Alexander, Lisa, V;  Bador, Margot;  Roca, Remy;  Contractor, Steefan;  Donat, Markus G.;  Nguyen, Phuong Loan
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
global observations  guage-based  satellite  reanalyses  precipitation  intercomparison  
A Mechanism for the Maintenance of Sharp Tropical Margins 期刊论文
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 2020, 77 (4) : 1181-1197
作者:  Masunaga, Hirohiko;  Mapes, Brian E.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
Tropics  Convection  Water vapor  Satellite observations  Single column models  
Observed earlier start of the growing season from middle to high latitudes across the Northern Hemisphere snow-covered landmass for the period 2001-2014 期刊论文
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 15 (3)
作者:  Chen, Xiaona;  Yang, Yaping
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
northern hemisphere  start of the growing season  SOS  climate change  satellite observations  
Diverse estimates of annual maxima daily precipitation in 22 state-of-the-art quasi-global land observation datasets 期刊论文
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 15 (3)
作者:  Bador, Margot;  Alexander, Lisa V.;  Contractor, Steefan;  Roca, Remy
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
intercomparison of observational products  global distribution of precipitation extremes  annual extremes of daily precipitation  in situ and satellite precipitation observations  
The past and future of global river ice 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 577 (7788) : 69-+
作者:  Yang, Xiao;  Pavelsky, Tamlin M.;  Allen, George H.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

More than one-third of Earth'  s landmass is drained by rivers that seasonally freeze over. Ice transforms the hydrologic(1,2), ecologic(3,4), climatic(5) and socio-economic(6-8) functions of river corridors. Although river ice extent has been shown to be declining in many regions of the world(1), the seasonality, historical change and predicted future changes in river ice extent and duration have not yet been quantified globally. Previous studies of river ice, which suggested that declines in extent and duration could be attributed to warming temperatures(9,10), were based on data from sparse locations. Furthermore, existing projections of future ice extent are based solely on the location of the 0-degrees C isotherm11. Here, using satellite observations, we show that the global extent of river ice is declining, and we project a mean decrease in seasonal ice duration of 6.10 +/- 0.08 days per 1-degrees C increase in global mean surface air temperature. We tracked the extent of river ice using over 400,000 clear-sky Landsat images spanning 1984-2018 and observed a mean decline of 2.5 percentage points globally in the past three decades. To project future changes in river ice extent, we developed an observationally calibrated and validated model, based on temperature and season, which reduced the mean bias by 87 per cent compared with the 0-degree-Celsius isotherm approach. We applied this model to future climate projections for 2080-2100: compared with 2009-2029, the average river ice duration declines by 16.7 days under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5, whereas under RCP 4.5 it declines on average by 7.3 days. Our results show that, globally, river ice is measurably declining and will continue to decline linearly with projected increases in surface air temperature towards the end of this century.