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Recycling and metabolic flexibility dictate life in the lower oceanic crust 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7798) : 250-+
作者:  Zhou, Peng;  Yang, Xing-Lou;  Wang, Xian-Guang;  Hu, Ben;  Zhang, Lei;  Zhang, Wei;  Si, Hao-Rui;  Zhu, Yan;  Li, Bei;  Huang, Chao-Lin;  Chen, Hui-Dong;  Chen, Jing;  Luo, Yun;  Guo, Hua;  Jiang, Ren-Di;  Liu, Mei-Qin;  Chen, Ying;  Shen, Xu-Rui;  Wang, Xi;  Zheng, Xiao-Shuang;  Zhao, Kai;  Chen, Quan-Jiao;  Deng, Fei;  Liu, Lin-Lin;  Yan, Bing;  Zhan, Fa-Xian;  Wang, Yan-Yi;  Xiao, Geng-Fu;  Shi, Zheng-Li
收藏  |  浏览/下载：37/0  |  提交时间：2020/05/13

The lithified lower oceanic crust is one of Earth'  s last biological frontiers as it is difficult to access. It is challenging for microbiota that live in marine subsurface sediments or igneous basement to obtain sufficient carbon resources and energy to support growth(1-3) or to meet basal power requirements(4) during periods of resource scarcity. Here we show how limited and unpredictable sources of carbon and energy dictate survival strategies used by low-biomass microbial communities that live 10-750 m below the seafloor at Atlantis Bank, Indian Ocean, where Earth'  s lower crust is exposed at the seafloor. Assays of enzyme activities, lipid biomarkers, marker genes and microscopy indicate heterogeneously distributed and viable biomass with ultralow cell densities (fewer than 2,000 cells per cm(3)). Expression of genes involved in unexpected heterotrophic processes includes those with a role in the degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, use of polyhydroxyalkanoates as carbon-storage molecules and recycling of amino acids to produce compounds that can participate in redox reactions and energy production. Our study provides insights into how microorganisms in the plutonic crust are able to survive within fractures or porous substrates by coupling sources of energy to organic and inorganic carbon resources that are probably delivered through the circulation of subseafloor fluids or seawater.


  
Partitioning Thresholds in Hybrid Implicit-Explicit Representations of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2020, 56 (2)
作者:  Wong, Daniel Lorng Yon;  Doster, Florian;  Geiger, Sebastian;  Kamp, Arjan
收藏  |  浏览/下载：12/0  |  提交时间：2020/07/02
upscaling  fractures  effective medium theory  effective permeability  percolation  flow  
A Nonlinear Version of the Reynolds Equation for Flow in Rock Fractures With Complex Void Geometries 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2020, 56 (2)
作者:  Wang, Zhihe;  Xu, Chaoshui;  Dowd, Peter;  Xiong, Feng;  Wang, Hang
收藏  |  浏览/下载：8/0  |  提交时间：2020/07/02
fluid flow  rock fractures  Reynolds equation  perturbation solution  
U-Th Dating of Syntectonic Calcite Veins Reveals the Dynamic Nature of Fracture Cementation and Healing in Faults 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2019, 46 (22) : 12900-12908
作者:  Williams, Randolph T.;  Mozley, Peter S.;  Sharp, Warren D.;  Goodwin, Laurel B.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：9/0  |  提交时间：2020/02/17
faults  earthquakes  healing  sealing  fractures  veins  
Roughness Control on Multiphase Flow in Rock Fractures 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2019
作者:  Hu, Ran;  Zhou, Chen-Xing;  Wu, Dong-Sheng;  Yang, Zhibing;  Chen, Yi-Feng
收藏  |  浏览/下载：6/0  |  提交时间：2019/11/27
multiphase flow  rock fractures  displacement pattern  phase diagram  energy dissipation  
Self-Organizing Fluid Convection Patterns in an en Echelon Fault Array 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2018, 45 (10) : 4799-4808
作者:  Patterson, James W.;  Driesner, Thomas;  Matthai, Stephan K.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：4/0  |  提交时间：2019/04/09
convection  en echelon  faults  geothermal  fractures  
Inclusion of Topological Measurements into Analytic Estimates of Effective Permeability in Fractured Media 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2017, 53 (11)
作者:  Saevik, P. N.;  Nixon, C. W.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：0/0  |  提交时间：2019/04/09
topology  fractures  effective permeability  hydraulic connectivity  upscaling  homogenization  
Testing Novel CR-39 Detector Deployment System For Identification of Subsurface Fractures, Soda Springs, ID 科技报告
来源：US Department of Energy (DOE). 出版年： 2015
作者:  McLing, Travis;  Carpenter, Michael;  Brandon, William;  Zavala, Bernie
收藏  |  浏览/下载：5/0  |  提交时间：2019/04/05
CR-39 detector  deployment  fractures  Subsurface  system  
Fracture-Permeability Relationships of Utica Shale: Early Results 科技报告
来源：US Department of Energy (DOE). 出版年： 2013
作者:  Carey, James W. [Los Alamos National Laboratory]
收藏  |  浏览/下载：4/0  |  提交时间：2019/04/05
Earth Sciences  Energy Sciences  Shale gas permeability fractures  
Final report. Micro-earthquake technology for EGS fracture characterization 科技报告
来源：US Department of Energy (DOE). 出版年： 2013
作者:  Foulger, Gillian Rose [Foulger Consulting, Palo Alto, CA (United States)]
收藏  |  浏览/下载：0/0  |  提交时间：2019/04/05
geothermal  EGS  cracks  fractures  micro earthquakes