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Abrupt increase in harvested forest area over Europe after 2015 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 583 (7814) : 72-+
作者:  Guido Ceccherini;  Gregory Duveiller;  Giacomo Grassi;  Guido Lemoine;  Valerio Avitabile;  Roberto Pilli;  Alessandro Cescatti
收藏  |  浏览/下载:19/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/06

Fine-scale satellite data are used to quantify forest harvest rates in 26 European countries, finding an increase in harvested forest area of 49% and an increase in biomass loss of 69% between 2011-2015 and 2016-2018.


Forests provide a series of ecosystem services that are crucial to our society. In the European Union (EU), forests account for approximately 38% of the total land surface(1). These forests are important carbon sinks, and their conservation efforts are vital for the EU'  s vision of achieving climate neutrality by 2050(2). However, the increasing demand for forest services and products, driven by the bioeconomy, poses challenges for sustainable forest management. Here we use fine-scale satellite data to observe an increase in the harvested forest area (49 per cent) and an increase in biomass loss (69 per cent) over Europe for the period of 2016-2018 relative to 2011-2015, with large losses occurring on the Iberian Peninsula and in the Nordic and Baltic countries. Satellite imagery further reveals that the average patch size of harvested area increased by 34 per cent across Europe, with potential effects on biodiversity, soil erosion and water regulation. The increase in the rate of forest harvest is the result of the recent expansion of wood markets, as suggested by econometric indicators on forestry, wood-based bioenergy and international trade. If such a high rate of forest harvest continues, the post-2020 EU vision of forest-based climate mitigation may be hampered, and the additional carbon losses from forests would require extra emission reductions in other sectors in order to reach climate neutrality by 2050(3).


  
A Unified Data-Driven Method to Derive Hydrologic Dynamics From Global SMAP Surface Soil Moisture and GPM Precipitation Data 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2020, 56 (2)
作者:  Mao, Yixin;  Crow, Wade T.;  Nijssen, Bart
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
SMAP satellite  soil moisture dynamics  regression  hydrologic model  data-driven  
The past and future of global river ice 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 577 (7788) : 69-+
作者:  Yang, Xiao;  Pavelsky, Tamlin M.;  Allen, George H.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

More than one-third of Earth'  s landmass is drained by rivers that seasonally freeze over. Ice transforms the hydrologic(1,2), ecologic(3,4), climatic(5) and socio-economic(6-8) functions of river corridors. Although river ice extent has been shown to be declining in many regions of the world(1), the seasonality, historical change and predicted future changes in river ice extent and duration have not yet been quantified globally. Previous studies of river ice, which suggested that declines in extent and duration could be attributed to warming temperatures(9,10), were based on data from sparse locations. Furthermore, existing projections of future ice extent are based solely on the location of the 0-degrees C isotherm11. Here, using satellite observations, we show that the global extent of river ice is declining, and we project a mean decrease in seasonal ice duration of 6.10 +/- 0.08 days per 1-degrees C increase in global mean surface air temperature. We tracked the extent of river ice using over 400,000 clear-sky Landsat images spanning 1984-2018 and observed a mean decline of 2.5 percentage points globally in the past three decades. To project future changes in river ice extent, we developed an observationally calibrated and validated model, based on temperature and season, which reduced the mean bias by 87 per cent compared with the 0-degree-Celsius isotherm approach. We applied this model to future climate projections for 2080-2100: compared with 2009-2029, the average river ice duration declines by 16.7 days under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5, whereas under RCP 4.5 it declines on average by 7.3 days. Our results show that, globally, river ice is measurably declining and will continue to decline linearly with projected increases in surface air temperature towards the end of this century.


  
Assimilation of Satellite Altimetry Data for Effective River Bathymetry 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2019, 55 (9) : 7441-7463
作者:  Breda, J. P. L. F.;  Paiva, R. C. D.;  Bravo, J. M.;  Passaia, O. A.;  Moreira, D. M.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
Kalman filter  satellite altimetry  hydrodynamic model  effective bathymetry  water surface elevation  data assimilation  
Remote Sensing of River Bathymetry: Evaluating a Range of Sensors, Platforms, and Algorithms on the Upper Sacramento River, California, USA 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2019, 55 (3) : 2142-2169
作者:  Legleiter, Carl J.;  Harrison, Lee R.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/26
remote sensing of rivers  bathymetric mapping  hyperspectral  unmanned aircraft system (UAS)  bathymetric LiDAR  satellite image data  
Satellite Remote Sensing for Water Resources Management: Potential for Supporting Sustainable Development in Data-Poor Regions 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2018, 54 (12) : 9724-9758
作者:  Sheffield, J.;  Wood, E. F.;  Pan, M.;  Beck, H.;  Coccia, G.;  Serrat-Capdevila, A.;  Verbist, K.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
satellite remote sensing  water resources management  sustainable development  hazard management  data scarcity  Latin America and Caribbean  
The important but weakening maize yield benefit of grain filling prolongation in the US Midwest 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2018, 24 (10) : 4718-4730
作者:  Zhu, Peng;  Jin, Zhenong;  Zhuang, Qianlai;  Ciais, Philippe;  Bernacchi, Carl;  Wang, Xuhui;  Makowski, David;  Lobell, David
收藏  |  浏览/下载:4/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
crop growth stages  crop model  food security  global warming  Maize grain filling prolongation  satellite data  US Midwest  yield benefit  
Satellite Anomalies: Benefits of a Centralized Anomaly Database and Methods for Securely Sharing Information Among Satellite Operators 科技报告
来源:Rand Corporation. 出版年: 2014
作者:  David A. Galvan;  Brett Hemenway;  William Welser IV;  Dave Baiocchi
收藏  |  浏览/下载:4/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/05
Databases and Data Collection, Analysis and Processing  Information Security  Commercial Satellite