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Warming and monsoonal climate lead to large export of millennial-aged carbon from permafrost catchments of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 期刊论文
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 15 (7)
作者:  Song, Chunlin;  Wang, Genxu;  Haghipour, Negar;  Raymond, Peter A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:10/0  |  提交时间:2020/08/18
riverine carbon export  radiocarbon  stable carbon isotope  permafrost  Qinghai-Tibet Plateau river  climate warming  
Foreign demand for agricultural commodities drives virtual carbon exports from Cambodia 期刊论文
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 15 (6)
作者:  Johansson, Emma;  Olin, Stefan;  Seaquist, Jonathan
收藏  |  浏览/下载:5/0  |  提交时间:2020/08/18
deforestation  economic land concessions  LPJ-GUESS  virtual carbon export  land grabbing  
Investigating the Nutrient Landscape in a Coastal Upwelling Region and Its Relationship to the Biological Carbon Pump 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (6)
作者:  Stukel, M. R.;  Barbeau, K. A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
biological pump  iron  nitrate  nutrients  marine biogeochemistry  carbon export  
Z-nucleic-acid sensing triggers ZBP1-dependent necroptosis and inflammation 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7803) : 391-+
作者:  Zhang, Zhibin;  Zhang, Ying;  Xia, Shiyu;  Kong, Qing;  Li, Shunying;  Liu, Xing;  Junqueira, Caroline;  Meza-Sosa, Karla F.;  Mok, Temy Mo Yin;  Ansara, James;  Sengupta, Satyaki;  Yao, Yandan;  Wu, Hao;  Lieberman, Judy
收藏  |  浏览/下载:12/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

The biological function of Z-DNA and Z-RNA, nucleic acid structures with a left-handed double helix, is poorly understood(1-3). Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1  also known as DAI or DLM-1) is a nucleic acid sensor that contains two Z alpha domains that bind Z-DNA(4,5) and Z-RNA(6-8). ZBP1 mediates host defence against some viruses(6,7,9-14) by sensing viral nucleic acids(6,7,10). RIPK1 deficiency, or mutation of its RIP homotypic interaction motif (RHIM), triggers ZBP1-dependent necroptosis and inflammation in mice(15,16). However, the mechanisms that induce ZBP1 activation in the absence of viral infection remain unknown. Here we show that Z alpha-dependent sensing of endogenous ligands induces ZBP1-mediated perinatal lethality in mice expressing RIPK1 with mutated RHIM (Ripk1(mR/mR)), skin inflammation in mice with epidermis-specific RIPK1 deficiency (RIPK1(E-KO)) and colitis in mice with intestinal epithelial-specific FADD deficiency (FADD(IEC-KO)). Consistently, functional Z alpha domains were required for ZBP1-induced necroptosis in fibroblasts that were treated with caspase inhibitors or express RIPK1 with mutated RHIM. Inhibition of nuclear export triggered the Z alpha-dependent activation of RIPK3 in the nucleus resulting in cell death, which suggests that ZBP1 may recognize nuclear Z-form nucleic acids. We found that ZBP1 constitutively bound cellular double-stranded RNA in a Z alpha-dependent manner. Complementary reads derived from endogenous retroelements were detected in epidermal RNA, which suggests that double-stranded RNA derived from these retroelements may act as a Z alpha-domain ligand that triggers the activation of ZBP1. Collectively, our results provide evidence that the sensing of endogenous Z-form nucleic acids by ZBP1 triggers RIPK3-dependent necroptosis and inflammation, which could underlie the development of chronic inflammatory conditions-particularly in individuals with mutations in RIPK1 and CASP8(17-20).


  
ATP13A2 deficiency disrupts lysosomal polyamine export 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 578 (7795) : 419-+
作者:  Nienhuis, J. H.;  Ashton, A. D.;  Edmonds, D. A.;  Hoitink, A. J. F.;  Kettner, A. J.;  Rowland, J. C.;  Tornqvist, T. E.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

ATP13A2 (PARK9) is a late endolysosomal transporter that is genetically implicated in a spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders, including Kufor-Rakeb syndrome-a parkinsonism with dementia(1)-and early-onset Parkinson'  s disease(2). ATP13A2 offers protection against genetic and environmental risk factors of Parkinson'  s disease, whereas loss of ATP13A2 compromises lysosomes(3). However, the transport function of ATP13A2 in lysosomes remains unclear. Here we establish ATP13A2 as a lysosomal polyamine exporter that shows the highest affinity for spermine among the polyamines examined. Polyamines stimulate the activity of purified ATP13A2, whereas ATP13A2 mutants that are implicated in disease are functionally impaired to a degree that correlates with the disease phenotype. ATP13A2 promotes the cellular uptake of polyamines by endocytosis and transports them into the cytosol, highlighting a role for endolysosomes in the uptake of polyamines into cells. At high concentrations polyamines induce cell toxicity, which is exacerbated by ATP13A2 loss due to lysosomal dysfunction, lysosomal rupture and cathepsin B activation. This phenotype is recapitulated in neurons and nematodes with impaired expression of ATP13A2 or its orthologues. We present defective lysosomal polyamine export as a mechanism for lysosome-dependent cell death that may be implicated in neurodegeneration, and shed light on the molecular identity of the mammalian polyamine transport system.


The lysosomal polyamine transporter ATP13A2 controls the cellular polyamine content, and impaired lysosomal polyamine export represents a lysosome-dependent cell death pathway that may be implicated in ATP13A2-associated neurodegeneration.


  
State of the science in reconciling top-down and bottom-up approaches for terrestrial CO2 budget 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019
作者:  Kondo, Masayuki;  Patra, Prabir K.;  Sitch, Stephen;  Friedlingstein, Pierre;  Poulter, Benjamin;  Chevallier, Frederic;  Ciais, Philippe;  Canadell, Josep G.;  Bastos, Ana;  Lauerwald, Ronny;  Calle, Leonardo;  Ichii, Kazuhito;  Anthoni, Peter;  Arneth, Almut;  Haverd, Vanessa;  Jain, Atul K.;  Kato, Etsushi;  Kautz, Markus;  Law, Rachel M.;  Lienert, Sebastian;  Lombardozzi, Danica;  Maki, Takashi;  Nakamura, Takashi;  Peylin, Philippe;  Roedenbeck, Christian;  Zhuravlev, Ruslan;  Saeki, Tazu;  Tian, Hanqin;  Zhu, Dan;  Ziehn, Tilo
收藏  |  浏览/下载:21/0  |  提交时间:2020/02/17
atmospheric inversion  biosphere model  carbon stock change  CO2 evasion  land-use change emissions  net CO2 flux  residual land uptake  riverine carbon export  terrestrial CO2 budget  
Multiple anthropogenic drivers behind upward trends in organic carbon concentrations in boreal rivers 期刊论文
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2019, 14 (12)
作者:  Asmala, Eero;  Carstensen, Jacob;  Raike, Antti
收藏  |  浏览/下载:5/0  |  提交时间:2020/02/17
total organic carbon  riverine export  land use  ditching  
Changes in soil organic carbon and nutrient stocks in conventional selective logging versus reduced-impact logging in rainforests on highly weathered soils in Southern Cameroon 期刊论文
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, 2019, 451
作者:  Lontsi, Rodine Tchiofo;  Cone, Marife D.;  van Straaten, Oliver;  Veldkamp, Edzo
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
Selective logging  Ground disturbance  Soil characteristic changes  Nutrient export  Ferralsols  Cameroon  
Fram Strait sea ice export affected by thinning: comparing high-resolution simulations and observations 期刊论文
CLIMATE DYNAMICS, 2019, 53: 3257-3270
作者:  Zamani, Behnam;  Krumpen, Thomas;  Smedsrud, Lars H.;  Gerdes, Ruediger
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
Ocean-sea ice model  Fram Strait  Sea ice area export  Sea ice volume export  Sea ice export trends  High-resolution model  Arctic sea ice mass balance  
Reexamination of Fram Strait sea ice export and its role in recently accelerated Arctic sea ice retreat 期刊论文
CLIMATE DYNAMICS, 2019, 53: 1823-1841
作者:  Wei, Jianfen;  Zhang, Xiangdong;  Wang, Zhaomin
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
Fram Strait  Sea ice export  Regime shift  MITgcm-ECCO2