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Are we ready to track climate‐driven shifts in marine species across international boundaries? ‐ A global survey of scientific bottom trawl data 期刊论文
Global Change Biology, 2020
作者:  Aurore A. Maureaud;  Romain Frelat;  Laurè;  ne Pé;  cuchet;  Nancy Shackell;  Bastien Mé;  rigot;  Malin L. Pinsky;  Kofi Amador;  Sean C. Anderson;  Alexander Arkhipkin;  Arnaud Auber;  ;  a Barri;  Richard J. Bell;  Jonathan Belmaker;  Esther Beukhof;  Mohamed L. Camara;  Renato Guevara‐;  Carrasco;  Junghwa Choi;  Helle T. Christensen;  Jason Conner;  Luis A. Cubillos;  Hamet D. Diadhiou;  Dori Edelist;  Margrete Emblemsvå;  g;  Billy Ernst;  Tracey P. Fairweather;  Heino O. Fock;  Kevin D. Friedland;  Camilo B. Garcia;  Didier Gascuel;  Henrik Gislason;  Menachem Goren;  ;  ;  me Guitton;  Didier Jouffre;  Tarek Hattab;  Manuel Hidalgo;  Johannes N. Kathena;  Ian Knuckey;  Saï;  kou O. Kidé;  Mariano Koen‐;  Alonso;  Matt Koopman;  Vladimir Kulik;  Jacqueline P. Leó;  n;  Ya’;  arit Levitt‐;  Barmats;  Martin Lindegren;  Marcos Llope;  ;  lix Massiot‐;  Granier;  Hicham Masski;  Matthew McLean;  Beyah Meissa;  Laurè;  ne Mé;  rillet;  Vesselina Mihneva;  Francis K. E. Nunoo;  Richard O'Driscoll;  Cecilia A. O'Leary;  Elitsa Petrova;  Jorge E. Ramos;  Wahid Refes;  Esther Romá;  n‐;  Marcote;  Helle Siegstad;  Ignacio Sobrino;  ;  n Só;  lmundsson;  Oren Sonin;  Ingrid Spies;  Petur Steingrund;  Fabrice Stephenson;  Nir Stern;  Feriha Tserkova;  Georges Tserpes;  Evangelos Tzanatos;  Itai van Rijn;  Paul A. M. van Zwieten;  Paraskevas Vasilakopoulos;  Daniela V. Yepsen;  Philippe Ziegler;  James T. Thorson
收藏  |  浏览/下载:14/0  |  提交时间:2020/11/20
Variations in color and reflectance on the surface of asteroid (101955) Bennu 期刊论文
Science, 2020
作者:  D. N. DellaGiustina;  K. N. Burke;  K. J. Walsh;  P. H. Smith;  D. R. Golish;  E. B. Bierhaus;  R.-L. Ballouz;  T. L. Becker;  H. Campins;  E. Tatsumi;  K. Yumoto;  S. Sugita;  J. D. Prasanna Deshapriya;  E. A. Cloutis;  B. E. Clark;  A. R. Hendrix;  A. Sen;  M. M. Al Asad;  M. G. Daly;  D. M. Applin;  C. Avdellidou;  M. A. Barucci;  K. J. Becker;  C. A. Bennett;  W. F. Bottke;  J. I. Brodbeck;  H. C. Connolly;  M. Delbo;  J. de Leon;  C. Y. Drouet d’Aubigny;  K. L. Edmundson;  S. Fornasier;  V. E. Hamilton;  P. H. Hasselmann;  C. W. Hergenrother;  E. S. Howell;  E. R. Jawin;  H. H. Kaplan;  L. Le Corre;  L. F. Lim;  J. Y. Li;  P. Michel;  J. L. Molaro;  M. C. Nolan;  J. Nolau;  M. Pajola;  A. Parkinson;  M. Popescu;  N. A. Porter;  B. Rizk;  J. L. Rizos;  A. J. Ryan;  B. Rozitis;  N. K. Shultz;  A. A. Simon;  D. Trang;  R. B. Van Auken;  C. W. V. Wolner;  D. S. Lauretta
收藏  |  浏览/下载:11/0  |  提交时间:2020/11/09
Electron Inflow Velocities and Reconnection Rates at Earth's Magnetopause and Magnetosheath 期刊论文
Geophysical Research Letters, 2020
作者:  J. L. Burch;  J. M. Webster;  M. Hesse;  K. J. Genestreti;  R. E. Denton;  T. D. Phan;  H. Hasegawa;  P. A. Cassak;  R. B. Torbert;  B. L. Giles;  D. J. Gershman;  R. E. Ergun;  C. T. Russell;  R. J. Strangeway;  O. Le Contel;  K. R. Pritchard;  A. T. Marshall;  K.‐;  J. Hwang;  K. Dokgo;  S. A. Fuselier;  L.‐;  J. Chen;  S. Wang;  M. Swisdak;  J. F. Drake;  M. R. Argall;  K. J. Trattner;  M. Yamada;  G. Paschmann
收藏  |  浏览/下载:14/0  |  提交时间:2020/08/25
Climate change considerations are fundamental to management of deep‐sea resource extraction 期刊论文
Global Change Biology, 2020
作者:  Lisa A. Levin;  Chih‐;  Lin Wei;  Daniel C. Dunn;  Diva J. Amon;  Oliver S. Ashford;  William W. L. Cheung;  Ana Colaç;  o;  Carlos Dominguez‐;  Carrió;  Elva G. Escobar;  Harriet R. Harden‐;  Davies;  Jeffrey C. Drazen;  Khaira Ismail;  Daniel O. B. Jones;  David E. Johnson;  Jennifer T. Le;  Franck Lejzerowicz;  Satoshi Mitarai;  Telmo Morato;  Sandor Mulsow;  Paul V. R. Snelgrove;  Andrew K. Sweetman;  Moriaki Yasuhara
收藏  |  浏览/下载:14/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/09
The potential for REDD plus to reduce forest degradation in Vietnam 期刊论文
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 15 (7)
作者:  Ngo, D. T.;  Le, A., V;  Le, H. T.;  Stas, S. M.;  Le, T. C.;  Tran, H. D.;  Pham, T.;  Le, T. T.;  Spracklen, B. D.;  Langan, C.;  Cuthbert, R.;  Buermann, W.;  Phillips, O. L.;  Jew, E. K. K.;  Spracklen, D., V
收藏  |  浏览/下载:9/0  |  提交时间:2020/08/18
forest degradation  REDD plus  livelihoods  
Revealing enigmatic mucus structures in the deep sea using DeepPIV 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 583 (7814) : 78-+
作者:  Nguyen, Ngoc Uyen Nhi;  Canseco, Diana C.;  Xiao, Feng;  Nakada, Yuji;  Li, Shujuan;  Lam, Nicholas T.;  Muralidhar, Shalini A.;  Savla, Jainy J.;  Hill, Joseph A.;  Le, Victor;  Zidan, Kareem A.;  El-Feky, Hamed W.;  Wang, Zhaoning;  Ahmed, Mahmoud Salama;  Hubbi, Maimon E.;  Menendez-Montes, Ivan
收藏  |  浏览/下载:13/0  |  提交时间:2020/06/09

Advanced deep-sea imaging tools yield insights into the structure and function of mucus filtration houses built by midwater giant larvaceans.


Many animals build complex structures to aid in their survival, but very few are built exclusively from materials that animals create (1,2). In the midwaters of the ocean, mucoid structures are readily secreted by numerous animals, and serve many vital functions(3,4). However, little is known about these mucoid structures owing to the challenges of observing them in the deep sea. Among these mucoid forms, the '  houses'  of larvaceans are marvels of nature(5), and in the ocean twilight zone giant larvaceans secrete and build mucus filtering structures that can reach diameters of more than 1 m(6). Here we describe in situ laser-imaging technology(7) that reconstructs three-dimensional models of mucus forms. The models provide high-resolution views of giant larvacean houses and elucidate the role that house structure has in food capture and predator avoidance. Now that tools exist to study mucus structures found throughout the ocean, we can shed light on some of nature'  s most complex forms.


  
Electron mixing and isotropization in the exhaust of asymmetric magnetic reconnection with a guide field 期刊论文
Geophysical Research Letters, 2020
作者:  B. B. Tang;  W. Y. Li;  A. Le;  D. B. Graham;  Y. F. Wu;  C. Wang;  Yu. V. Khotyaintsev;  J. Egedal;  X. Tao;  D. J. Gershman;  B. L. Giles;  P. A. Lindqvist;  R. E. Ergun;  C. T. Russell;  J. L. Burch
收藏  |  浏览/下载:13/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
Asynchronous carbon sink saturation in African and Amazonian tropical forests 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7797) : 80-+
作者:  Wannes Hubau;  Simon L. Lewis;  Oliver L. Phillips;  Kofi Affum-Baffoe;  Hans Beeckman;  Aida Cuní;  -Sanchez;  Armandu K. Daniels;  Corneille E. N. Ewango;  Sophie Fauset;  Jacques M. Mukinzi;  Douglas Sheil;  Bonaventure Sonké;  Martin J. P. Sullivan;  Terry C. H. Sunderland;  Hermann Taedoumg;  Sean C. Thomas;  Lee J. T. White;  Katharine A. Abernethy;  Stephen Adu-Bredu;  Christian A. Amani;  Timothy R. Baker;  Lindsay F. Banin;  Fidè;  le Baya;  Serge K. Begne;  Amy C. Bennett;  Fabrice Benedet;  Robert Bitariho;  Yannick E. Bocko;  Pascal Boeckx;  Patrick Boundja;  Roel J. W. Brienen;  Terry Brncic;  Eric Chezeaux;  George B. Chuyong;  Connie J. Clark;  Murray Collins;  James A. Comiskey;  David A. Coomes;  Greta C. Dargie;  Thales de Haulleville;  Marie Noel Djuikouo Kamdem;  Jean-Louis Doucet;  Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert;  Ted R. Feldpausch;  Alusine Fofanah;  Ernest G. Foli;  Martin Gilpin;  Emanuel Gloor;  Christelle Gonmadje;  Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury;  Jefferson S. Hall;  Alan C. Hamilton;  David J. Harris;  Terese B. Hart;  Mireille B. N. Hockemba;  Annette Hladik;  Suspense A. Ifo;  Kathryn J. Jeffery;  Tommaso Jucker;  Emmanuel Kasongo Yakusu;  Elizabeth Kearsley;  David Kenfack;  Alexander Koch;  Miguel E. Leal;  Aurora Levesley;  Jeremy A. Lindsell;  Janvier Lisingo;  Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez;  Jon C. Lovett;  Jean-Remy Makana;  Yadvinder Malhi;  Andrew R. Marshall;  Jim Martin;  Emanuel H. Martin;  Faustin M. Mbayu;  Vincent P. Medjibe;  Vianet Mihindou;  Edward T. A. Mitchard;  Sam Moore;  Pantaleo K. T. Munishi;  Natacha Nssi Bengone;  Lucas Ojo;  Fidè;  le Evouna Ondo;  Kelvin S.-H. Peh;  Georgia C. Pickavance;  Axel Dalberg Poulsen;  John R. Poulsen;  Lan Qie;  Jan Reitsma;  Francesco Rovero;  Michael D. Swaine;  Joey Talbot;  James Taplin;  David M. Taylor;  Duncan W. Thomas;  Benjamin Toirambe;  John Tshibamba Mukendi;  Darlington Tuagben;  Peter M. Umunay;  Geertje M. F. van der Heijden;  Hans Verbeeck;  Jason Vleminckx;  Simon Willcock;  Hannsjö;  rg Wö;  ll;  John T. Woods;  Lise Zemagho
收藏  |  浏览/下载:23/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

Structurally intact tropical forests sequestered about half of the global terrestrial carbon uptake over the 1990s and early 2000s, removing about 15 per cent of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions(1-3). Climate-driven vegetation models typically predict that this tropical forest '  carbon sink'  will continue for decades(4,5). Here we assess trends in the carbon sink using 244 structurally intact African tropical forests spanning 11 countries, compare them with 321 published plots from Amazonia and investigate the underlying drivers of the trends. The carbon sink in live aboveground biomass in intact African tropical forests has been stable for the three decades to 2015, at 0.66 tonnes of carbon per hectare per year (95 per cent confidence interval 0.53-0.79), in contrast to the long-term decline in Amazonian forests(6). Therefore the carbon sink responses of Earth'  s two largest expanses of tropical forest have diverged. The difference is largely driven by carbon losses from tree mortality, with no detectable multi-decadal trend in Africa and a long-term increase in Amazonia. Both continents show increasing tree growth, consistent with the expected net effect of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide and air temperature(7-9). Despite the past stability of the African carbon sink, our most intensively monitored plots suggest a post-2010 increase in carbon losses, delayed compared to Amazonia, indicating asynchronous carbon sink saturation on the two continents. A statistical model including carbon dioxide, temperature, drought and forest dynamics accounts for the observed trends and indicates a long-term future decline in the African sink, whereas the Amazonian sink continues to weaken rapidly. Overall, the uptake of carbon into Earth'  s intact tropical forests peaked in the 1990s. Given that the global terrestrial carbon sink is increasing in size, independent observations indicating greater recent carbon uptake into the Northern Hemisphere landmass(10) reinforce our conclusion that the intact tropical forest carbon sink has already peaked. This saturation and ongoing decline of the tropical forest carbon sink has consequences for policies intended to stabilize Earth'  s climate.


  
Geology of the InSight landing site on Mars 期刊论文
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2020, 11 (1)
作者:  Golombek, M.;  Warner, N. H.;  Grant, J. A.;  Hauber, E.;  Ansan, V;  Weitz, C. M.;  Williams, N.;  Charalambous, C.;  Wilson, S. A.;  DeMott, A.;  Kopp, M.;  Lethcoe-Wilson, H.;  Berger, L.;  Hausmann, R.;  Marteau, E.;  Vrettos, C.;  Trussell, A.;  Folkner, W.;  Le Maistre, S.;  Mueller, N.;  Grott, M.;  Spohn, T.;  Piqueux, S.;  Millour, E.;  Forget, F.;  Daubar, I;  Murdoch, N.;  Lognonne, P.;  Perrin, C.;  Rodriguez, S.;  Pike, W. T.;  Parker, T.;  Maki, J.;  Abarca, H.;  Deen, R.;  Hall, J.;  Andres, P.;  Ruoff, N.;  Calef, F.;  Smrekar, S.;  Baker, M. M.;  Banks, M.;  Spiga, A.;  Banfield, D.;  Garvin, J.;  Newman, C. E.;  Banerdt, W. B.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
Structural insight into arenavirus replication machinery 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7800) : 615-+
作者:  Zhang, Xiaheng;  Smith, Russell T.;  Le, Chip;  McCarver, Stefan J.;  Shireman, Brock T.;  Carruthers, Nicholas I.;  MacMillan, David W. C.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:19/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

The authors provide high-resolution structures of two arenavirus polymerases, revealing that the active site of arenavirus polymerase is inherently switched on, without the requirement for allosteric activation by 5 '  -viral RNA, and that dimerization facilitates polymerase activity.


Arenaviruses can cause severe haemorrhagic fever and neurological diseases in humans and other animals, exemplified by Lassa mammarenavirus, Machupo mammarenavirus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, posing great threats to public health(1-4). These viruses encode a large multi-domain RNA-dependent RNA polymerase for transcription and replication of the viral genome(5). Viral polymerases are one of the leading antiviral therapeutic targets. However, the structure of arenavirus polymerase is not yet known. Here we report the near-atomic resolution structures of Lassa and Machupo virus polymerases in both apo and promoter-bound forms. These structures display a similar overall architecture to influenza virus and bunyavirus polymerases but possess unique local features, including an arenavirus-specific insertion domain that regulates the polymerase activity. Notably, the ordered active site of arenavirus polymerase is inherently switched on, without the requirement for allosteric activation by 5 '  -viral RNA, which is a necessity for both influenza virus and bunyavirus polymerases(6,7). Moreover, dimerization could facilitate the polymerase activity. These findings advance our understanding of the mechanism of arenavirus replication and provide an important basis for developing antiviral therapeutics.