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New study questions explanation for last winter’s brutal U.S. cold snap 新闻
来源平台:National Center of Atmospheric Research. 发布日期:2022
作者:  admin
收藏  |  浏览/下载:10/0  |  提交时间:2022/03/17
Understanding urban heat islands 新闻
来源平台:CNRS News. 发布日期:2021
作者:  admin
收藏  |  浏览/下载:13/0  |  提交时间:2021/10/07
A surprising range of climate events may be predictable years in advance 新闻
来源平台:National Center of Atmospheric Research. 发布日期:2020
作者:  admin
收藏  |  浏览/下载:5/0  |  提交时间:2020/08/24
New ‘Sun clock’ reveals that solar activity turns off and on with surprising precision 新闻
来源平台:National Center of Atmospheric Research. 发布日期:2020
作者:  admin
收藏  |  浏览/下载:4/0  |  提交时间:2020/06/16
Washington Update: May 5, 2020 新闻
来源平台:National Center of Atmospheric Research. 发布日期:2020
作者:  admin
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Extreme rainfall triggered the 2018 rift eruption at Kilauea Volcano 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7804) : 491-+
作者:  Cloutier, Richard;  Clement, Alice M.;  Lee, Michael S. Y.;  Noel, Roxanne;  Bechard, Isabelle;  Roy, Vincent;  Long, John A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:33/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

The May 2018 rift intrusion and eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'  i, represented one of its most extraordinary eruptive sequences in at least 200 years, yet the trigger mechanism remains elusive(1). The event was preceded by several months of anomalously high precipitation. It has been proposed that rainfall can modulate shallow volcanic activity(2,3), but it remains unknown whether it can have impacts at the greater depths associated with magma transport. Here we show that immediately before and during the eruption, infiltration of rainfall into Kilauea Volcano'  s subsurface increased pore pressure at depths of 1 to 3 kilometres by 0.1 to 1 kilopascals, to its highest pressure in almost 50 years. We propose that weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice was driven by changes in pore pressure within the rift zone, prompting opportunistic dyke intrusion and ultimately facilitating the eruption. A precipitation-induced eruption trigger is consistent with the lack of precursory summit inflation, showing that this intrusion-unlike others-was not caused by the forceful intrusion of new magma into the rift zone. Moreover, statistical analysis of historic eruption occurrence suggests that rainfall patterns contribute substantially to the timing and frequency of Kilauea'  s eruptions and intrusions. Thus, volcanic activity can be modulated by extreme rainfall triggering edifice rock failure-a factor that should be considered when assessing volcanic hazards. Notably, the increasingly extreme weather patterns associated with ongoing anthropogenic climate change could increase the potential for rainfall-triggered volcanic phenomena worldwide.


Immediately before and during the eruption of Ki & x304  lauea Volcano in May 2018, anomalously high rainfall increased the pore pressure in the subsurface to its highest level in 50 years, causing weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice.


  
Autonomous Antarctic Observatories Gather Space Weather Data 新闻
来源平台:US National Scientific Foundation (NSF). 发布日期:2018
作者:  admin
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Scientists brave Hurricane Harvey's fierce winds and pelting rain -- Irma is next 新闻
来源平台:US National Scientific Foundation (NSF). 发布日期:2017
作者:  admin
收藏  |  浏览/下载:1/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/17