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Global Measurements of Brown Carbon and Estimated Direct Radiative Effects 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (13)
作者:  Zeng, Linghan;  Zhang, Aoxing;  Wang, Yuhang;  Wagner, Nicholas L.;  Katich, Joseph M.;  Schwarz, Joshua P.;  Schill, Gregory P.;  Brock, Charles;  Froyd, Karl D.;  Murphy, Daniel M.;  Williamson, Christina J.;  Kupc, Agnieszka;  Scheuer, Eric;  Dibb, Jack;  Weber, Rodney J.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:14/0  |  提交时间:2020/06/22
aerosol  light absorption  brown carbon  radiation forcing  black carbon  biomass burning  
Crustal Deformation in Southern California Constrained by Radial Anisotropy From Ambient Noise Adjoint Tomography 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (12)
作者:  Wang, Kai;  Jiang, Chengxin;  Yang, Yingjie;  Schulte-Pelkum, Vera;  Liu, Qinya
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2020/06/09
adjoint tomography  seismic interferometry  seismic anisotropy  Southern California  surface waves  full waveform inversion  
Arc-Type Magmatism Due to Continental-Edge Plowing Through Ancient Subduction-Enriched Mantle 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (9)
作者:  van Hinsbergen, Douwe J. J.;  Spakman, Wim;  de Boorder, Hugo;  Van Dongen, Michiel;  Jowitt, Simon M.;  Mason, Paul R. D.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
subduction  tomography  absolute plate motion  magmatism  plate reconstruction  
Three-Dimensional Pore Fluid Pressures in Source Region of 2017 Pohang Earthquake Inferred From Earthquake Focal Mechanisms 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (9)
作者:  Terakawa, Toshiko;  Seo, Wooseok;  Kim, Kwang-Hee;  Ree, Jin-Han
收藏  |  浏览/下载:13/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
Pohang earthquake  pore fluid pressure  stress  friction coefficient  earthquake focal mechanism  inversion analysis  
Fused Filament Fabrication 3-D Printing of Reactive Porous Media 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (9)
作者:  Anjikar, Ishan S.;  Wales, Shelby;  Beckingham, Lauren E.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:0/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
The Deformational Journey of the Nazca Slab From Seismic Anisotropy 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (11)
作者:  Agrawal, Shubham;  Eakin, Caroline M.;  Portner, Daniel E.;  Rodriguez, Emily E.;  Beck, Susan L.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
Nazca slab  seismic anisotropy  source side splitting  slab anisotropy  slab deformation  
Early-Stage Lithospheric Foundering Beneath the Eastern Tibetan Plateau Revealed by Full-Wave P-n Tomography 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (8)
作者:  Bao, Xueyang;  Shen, Yang
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
Determining Electric Fields in Thunderclouds With the Radiotelescope LOFAR 期刊论文
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2020, 125 (8)
作者:  Trinh, T. N. G.;  Scholten, O.;  Buitink, S.;  Ebert, U.;  Hare, B. M.;  Krehbiel, P. R.;  Leijnse, H.;  Bonardi, A.;  Corstanje, A.;  Falcke, H.;  Huege, T.;  Horandel, J. R.;  Krampah, G. K.;  Mitra, P.;  Mulrey, K.;  Nelles, A.;  Pandya, H.;  Rachen, J. P.;  Rossetto, L.;  Rutjes, C.;  ter Veen, S.;  Winchen, T.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
Upper Mantle Deformation of the Terror Rift and Northern Transantarctic Mountains in Antarctica: Insight From P Wave Anisotropic Tomography 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (9)
作者:  Zhang, Heng;  Zhao, Dapeng;  Ju, Changhui;  Li, Yunyue Elita;  Li, Guohui;  Ding, Min;  Chen, Shuze;  Zhao, Junmeng
收藏  |  浏览/下载:8/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13
APOE4 leads to blood-brain barrier dysfunction predicting cognitive decline 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 581 (7806) : 70-+
作者:  Doherty, Tiarnan A. S.;  Winchester, Andrew J.;  Macpherson, Stuart;  Johnstone, Duncan N.;  Pareek, Vivek;  Tennyson, Elizabeth M.;  Kosar, Sofiia;  Kosasih, Felix U.;  Anaya, Miguel;  Abdi-Jalebi, Mojtaba;  Andaji-Garmaroudi, Zahra;  Wong, E. Laine;  Madeo, Julien;  Chiang, Yu-Hsien;  Park, Ji-Sang;  Jung, Young-Kwang;  Petoukhoff, Christopher E.;  Divitini, Giorgio;  Man, Michael K. L.;  Ducati, Caterina;  Walsh, Aron;  Midgley, Paul A.;  Dani, Keshav M.;  Stranks, Samuel D.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:24/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in individuals carrying the epsilon 4 allele of the APOE gene, but not the epsilon 3 allele, increases with and predicts cognitive impairment and is independent of amyloid beta or tau pathology.


Vascular contributions to dementia and Alzheimer'  s disease are increasingly recognized(1-6). Recent studies have suggested that breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an early biomarker of human cognitive dysfunction(7), including the early clinical stages of Alzheimer'  s disease(5,8-10). The E4 variant of apolipoprotein E (APOE4), the main susceptibility gene for Alzheimer'  s disease(11-14), leads to accelerated breakdown of the BBB and degeneration of brain capillary pericytes(15-19), which maintain BBB integrity(20-22). It is unclear, however, whether the cerebrovascular effects of APOE4 contribute to cognitive impairment. Here we show that individuals bearing APOE4 (with the epsilon 3/epsilon 4 or epsilon 4/epsilon 4 alleles) are distinguished from those without APOE4 (epsilon 3/epsilon 3) by breakdown of the BBB in the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe. This finding is apparent in cognitively unimpaired APOE4 carriers and more severe in those with cognitive impairment, but is not related to amyloid-beta or tau pathology measured in cerebrospinal fluid or by positron emission tomography(23). High baseline levels of the BBB pericyte injury biomarker soluble PDGFR beta(7,8) in the cerebrospinal fluid predicted future cognitive decline in APOE4 carriers but not in non-carriers, even after controlling for amyloid-beta and tau status, and were correlated with increased activity of the BBB-degrading cyclophilin A-matrix metalloproteinase-9 pathway(19) in cerebrospinal fluid. Our findings suggest that breakdown of the BBB contributes to APOE4-associated cognitive decline independently of Alzheimer'  s disease pathology, and might be a therapeutic target in APOE4 carriers.