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Extreme rainfall triggered the 2018 rift eruption at Kilauea Volcano 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7804) : 491-+
作者:  Cloutier, Richard;  Clement, Alice M.;  Lee, Michael S. Y.;  Noel, Roxanne;  Bechard, Isabelle;  Roy, Vincent;  Long, John A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:33/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

The May 2018 rift intrusion and eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'  i, represented one of its most extraordinary eruptive sequences in at least 200 years, yet the trigger mechanism remains elusive(1). The event was preceded by several months of anomalously high precipitation. It has been proposed that rainfall can modulate shallow volcanic activity(2,3), but it remains unknown whether it can have impacts at the greater depths associated with magma transport. Here we show that immediately before and during the eruption, infiltration of rainfall into Kilauea Volcano'  s subsurface increased pore pressure at depths of 1 to 3 kilometres by 0.1 to 1 kilopascals, to its highest pressure in almost 50 years. We propose that weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice was driven by changes in pore pressure within the rift zone, prompting opportunistic dyke intrusion and ultimately facilitating the eruption. A precipitation-induced eruption trigger is consistent with the lack of precursory summit inflation, showing that this intrusion-unlike others-was not caused by the forceful intrusion of new magma into the rift zone. Moreover, statistical analysis of historic eruption occurrence suggests that rainfall patterns contribute substantially to the timing and frequency of Kilauea'  s eruptions and intrusions. Thus, volcanic activity can be modulated by extreme rainfall triggering edifice rock failure-a factor that should be considered when assessing volcanic hazards. Notably, the increasingly extreme weather patterns associated with ongoing anthropogenic climate change could increase the potential for rainfall-triggered volcanic phenomena worldwide.


Immediately before and during the eruption of Ki & x304  lauea Volcano in May 2018, anomalously high rainfall increased the pore pressure in the subsurface to its highest level in 50 years, causing weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice.


  
Observation of irrigation-induced climate change in the Midwest United States 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019, 25 (10) : 3472-3484
作者:  Nocco, Mallika A.;  Smail, Robert A.;  Kucharik, Christopher J.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
agriculture  climate  groundwater  irrigation  land use  Midwest United States  temperature  vapor pressure deficit  
Detecting and explaining why aquifers occasionally become degraded near hydraulically fractured shale gas wells 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2018, 115 (49) : 12349-12358
作者:  Woda, Josh;  Wen, Tao;  Oakley, David;  Yoxtheimer, David;  Engelder, Terry;  Castro, M. Clara;  Brantley, Susan L.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:7/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
shale gas  water quality  methane  noble gases  hydraulic fracturing  
Groundwater drawdown drives ecophysiological adjustments of woody vegetation in a semi-arid coastal ecosystem 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2018, 24 (10) : 4894-4908
作者:  Antunes, Cristina;  Chozas, Sergio;  West, Jason;  Zunzunegui, Maria;  Diaz Barradas, Maria Cruz;  Vieira, Simone;  Maguas, Cristina
收藏  |  浏览/下载:6/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
coastal dune ecosystem  groundwater table depth  photosynthetic activity  physiological responses  plant functional types  plant water status  water table lowering  water-uptake depth  
Rock glaciers in crystalline catchments: Hidden permafrost-related threats to alpine headwater lakes 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2018, 24 (4) : 1548-1562
作者:  Ilyashuk, Boris P.;  Ilyashuk, Elena A.;  Psenner, Roland;  Tessadri, Richard;  Koinig, Karin A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:5/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
acid drainage  chironomid deformities  cryosphere  ecotoxicology  frost action  metals  paleolimnology  periglacial environments