Fire Impacts on the Mojave Desert Ecosystem: Literature Review

doi:10.2172/1046478

GSTDTAP > 地球科学

DOI	10.2172/1046478
报告编号	Pub. 45238 DOE/NV/26383-24
来源ID	OSTI ID: 1046478
	Fire Impacts on the Mojave Desert Ecosystem: Literature Review
	Fenstermaker Lynn
	2012
出版年	2012
语种	英语
国家	美国
领域	地球科学
英文摘要	The Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) is located within the Mojave Desert, which is the driest region in North America. Precipitation on the NNSS varies from an annual average of 130 millimeters (mm; 5.1 inches) with a minimum of 47 mm (1.9 inches) and maximum of 328 mm (12.9 inches) over the past 15 year period to an annual average of 205 mm (8.1 inches) with an annual minimum of 89 mm (3.5 inches) and maximum of 391 mm (15.4 inches) for the same time period; for a Frenchman Flat location at 970 meters (m; 3182 feet) and a Pahute Mesa location at 1986 m (6516 feet), respectively. The combination of aridity and temperature extremes has resulted in sparsely vegetated basins (desert shrub plant communities) to moderately vegetated mountains (mixed coniferous forest plant communities); both plant density and precipitation increase with increasing elevation. Whereas some plant communities have evolved under fire regimes and are dependent upon fire for seed germination, plant communities within the Mojave Desert are not dependent on a fire regime and therefore are highly impacted by fire (Brown and Minnich, 1986; Brooks, 1999). As noted by Johansen (2003) natural range fires are not prevalent in the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts because there is not enough vegetation present (too many shrub interspaces) to sustain a fire. Fire research and hence publications addressing fires in the Southwestern United States (U.S.) have therefore focused on forest, shrub-steppe and grassland fires caused by both natural and anthropogenic ignition sources. In the last few decades, however, invasion of mid-elevation shrublands by non-native Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens and Bromus tectorum (Hunter, 1991) have been highly correlated with increased fire frequency (Brooks and Berry, 2006; Brooks and Matchett, 2006). Coupled with the impact of climate change, which has already been shown to be playing a role in increased forest fires (Westerling et al., 2006), it is likely that the fire frequency will further increase in the Mojave Desert (Knapp 1998; Smith et al., 1987; Smith et al., 2000).
英文关键词	The Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) is located within the Mojave Desert which is the driest region in North America. Precipitation on the NNSS varies from an annual average of 130 millimeters (mm 5.1 inches) with a minimum of 47 mm (1.9 inches) and
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来源平台	US Department of Energy (DOE)
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文献类型	科技报告
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/5707
专题	地球科学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Fenstermaker Lynn. Fire Impacts on the Mojave Desert Ecosystem: Literature Review,2012.