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IPCC's Climate Report Published - Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change | |
admin | |
2022-04-04 | |
发布年 | 2022 |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | 英国 |
领域 | 气候变化 |
正文(英文) | The evidence is clear: the time for action is now. We can halve emissions by 2030.According to scientists in the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, released today (4 April 2022), from 2010 to 2019, average annual global greenhouse gas emissions were at their highest levels in human history, but the rate of growth has slowed. Without immediate and deep emissions reductions across all sectors, limiting global warming to 1.5°C is beyond reach. However, there is increasing evidence of climate action. Since 2010, there have been sustained decreases of up to 85% in the costs of solar and wind energy and batteries. An increasing range of policies and laws have enhanced energy efficiency, reduced rates of deforestation and accelerated the deployment of renewable energy.
The Summary for Policymakers of the IPCC Working Group III report, Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of climate change was approved on 4 April 2022, by 195 member governments of the IPCC, through a virtual approval session that started on 21 March. It is the third instalment of the IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), which will be completed this year. The IPCC is the UN body for assessing the science related to climate change. IPCC assessments provide governments, at all levels, with scientific information that they can use to develop climate policies and carry out international negotiations to tackle climate change. The IPCC assesses the thousands of scientific papers published each year to tell policymakers what we know and don't know about the risks related to climate change. The panel identifies where there is agreement in the scientific community, where there are differences of opinion, and where further research is needed. The Working Group III report provides an updated global assessment of climate change mitigation progress and pledges and examines the sources of global emissions. It explains developments in emission reduction and mitigation efforts, assessing the impact of national climate pledges in relation to long-term emissions goals. We have options in all sectors to at least halve emissions by 2030Limiting global warming will require significant transitions in the energy sector, involving a substantial reduction in fossil fuel use, widespread electrification, improved energy efficiency, and alternative fuels (such as hydrogen).
Cities and other urban areas also offer significant opportunities for emissions reductions.These can be achieved through lower energy consumption (such as creating compact, walkable cities), electrification of transport in combination with low-emission energy sources, and enhanced carbon uptake and storage using nature. There are options for established, rapidly growing and new cities.
Reducing emissions in industry will involve using materials more efficiently, reusing and recycling products and minimising waste. This sector accounts for about a quarter of global emissions. Achieving net zero will be challenging and will require new production processes, low and zero-emissions electricity, hydrogen, and, where necessary, carbon capture and storage. Agriculture, forestry, and other land use can provide large-scale emissions reductions and also remove and store carbon dioxide at scale. However, land cannot compensate for delayed emissions reductions in other sectors. Response options can benefit biodiversity, help us adapt to climate change, and secure livelihoods, food and water, and wood supplies. The next few years are criticalIn the scenarios assessed, limiting warming to around 1.5°C requires global greenhouse gas emissions to peak before 2025 at the latest and be reduced by 43% by 2030. At the same time, methane would also need to be reduced by about a third. Even if we do this, it is almost inevitable that we will temporarily exceed this temperature threshold but could return to below it by the end of the century.
The global temperature will stabilise when carbon dioxide emissions reach net zero. For 1.5°C, this means achieving net zero carbon dioxide emissions globally in the early 2050s; for 2°C, it is in the early 2070s. Closing investment gapsThe report looks beyond technologies and demonstrates that while financial flows are three to six times lower than levels needed by 2030 to limit warming to below 2°C, there is sufficient global capital and liquidity to close investment gaps. However, it relies on clear signalling from governments and the international community, including stronger public sector finance and policy alignment.
Achieving the Sustainable Development GoalsAccelerated and equitable climate action in mitigating and adapting to climate change impacts is critical to sustainable development. Some response options can absorb and store carbon and, at the same time, help communities limit the impacts associated with climate change. For example, networks of parks and open spaces in cities, wetlands and urban agriculture can reduce flood risk and heat-island effects. Mitigation in industry can reduce environmental impacts and increase employment and business opportunities. Electrification with renewables and shifts in public transport can enhance health, employment, and equity.
The Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group III contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) as well as additional materials and information are available at https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/
AR6 Working Group III in numbers
The Synthesis Report of the Sixth Assessment Report will be completed in the second half of 2022. For more information, go to www.ipcc.ch |
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来源平台 | Royal Meteorological Society |
文献类型 | 新闻 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/349273 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | admin. IPCC's Climate Report Published - Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. 2022. |
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