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International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 390 and 393South Atlantic Transect (I, II) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2022-04-06 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
发布年 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
语种 | 英语 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
国家 | 日本 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
领域 | 资源环境 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
正文(英文) |
April 6, 2022
JAMSTEC International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 390 and 393
|
Expedition | Name | Affiliation / position | Specialized field |
---|---|---|---|
390 | Masataka Aizawa | Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus / Postdoctoral fellow | Igneous Geochemist |
390 | Nobuhiro Doi * | Division of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chiba University / Ph.D. Student | Micropaleontologist (nannofossils) |
390 | Mako Takada | Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo / Ms. Student | Microbiologist/Organic Geochemist |
393 | Daisuke Kuwano | Division of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chiba University / Ph.D. Student | Paleontologist (nannofossils) |
*Shore-based science member
3. Research Purposes and Objectives
The South Atlantic Transect (SAT) is a multidisciplinary scientific ocean drilling project that comprises two International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) expeditions (390, April-June 2022, and 393, June-August 2022). These expeditions will recover complete sedimentary sections and the upper ~250 m of the underlying oceanic crust along a slow/intermediate spreading rate Mid-Atlantic Ridge crustal flow line at ~31°S. The sediments along this transect were originally spot cored more than 50 years ago during Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 3 to help verify the theories of seafloor spreading and plate tectonics. Given dramatic advances in drilling technology and analytical capabilities since Leg 3, many high-priority scientific objectives can be addressed by revisiting the transect. The SAT expeditions will target six primary sites on 7, 15, 31, 49, and 61 Ma ocean crust, which will fill critical gaps in our sampling of intact in situ ocean crust with regards to crustal age, spreading rate, and sediment thickness. These sections are required to investigate the history of the low-temperature hydrothermal interactions between the aging ocean crust and the evolving South Atlantic Ocean and quantify past hydrothermal contributions to global geochemical cycles. The transect traverses the previously unexplored sediment- and basalt-hosted deep biosphere beneath the South Atlantic Gyre from which samples are essential to refine global biomass estimates and investigate microbial ecosystems’ responses to variable conditions in a low-energy gyre and aging ocean crust. The drilling operations will include installation of reentry cones and casing to establish legacy boreholes for future basement hydrothermal and microbiological experiments. The transect is also located near World Ocean Circulation Experiment Line A10, providing access to records of carbonate chemistry and deepwater mass properties across the western South Atlantic through key Cenozoic intervals of elevated atmospheric CO2 and rapid climate change. Reconstruction of the history of the deep western boundary current and deepwater formation in the Atlantic basins will yield crucial data to test hypotheses regarding the role of evolving thermohaline circulation patterns in climate change and the effects of tectonic gateways and climate on ocean acidification.
Coggon, R.M., Christeson, G.L., Sylvan, J.B., Teagle, D.A.H., Estes, E., Williams, T., and Alvarez Zarikian, C.A., 2020. Expedition 390/393 Scientific Prospectus: The South Atlantic Transect. International Ocean Discovery Program. https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.sp.390393.2020
Figure Locations of drilling sites. The red circles represent the primary target sites.
Table List of drilling sites in the projected target
Site / borehole name | Water depth (m) | Target drilling depth (m) | No. of scheduled working days |
SATL-13A | 3,047 | 215 | 7 |
SATL-25A | 3,691 | 269 | 8 |
SATL-33B | 4,193 | 303 | 9 |
SATL-43A | 4,323 | 313 | 10 |
SATL-53B | 4,985 | 345 | 11 |
SATL-54A | 4,991 | 804 | 20 |
Note: Drilling sites may change depending upon sailing preparations, weather conditions, and/or research progress.
*Figure is cited from the IODP website with partial modification.
IODP JRSO・Expeditions・South Atlantic Transect
https://iodp.tamu.edu/scienceops/expeditions/south_atlantic_transect.html
https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.sp.390393.2020
https://iodp.tamu.edu/scienceops/precruise/southatlantic/853-Full2_Coggon_FOR_WEB.pdf
https://iodp.tamu.edu/scienceops/precruise/southatlantic/853-Add_Coggon_FOR_WEB.pdf
IODP Copyright Statement : https://iodp.tamu.edu/about/copyright.html
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