Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1073/pnas.2024221118 |
Anthropogenic depletion of Iran’s aquifers | |
Roohollah Noori; Mohsen Maghrebi; Ali Mirchi; Qiuhong Tang; Rabin Bhattarai; Mojtaba Sadegh; Mojtaba Noury; Ali Torabi Haghighi; Bjørn Kløve; Kaveh Madani | |
2021-06-22 | |
发表期刊 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
出版年 | 2021 |
英文摘要 | Global groundwater assessments rank Iran among countries with the highest groundwater depletion rate using coarse spatial scales that hinder detection of regional imbalances between renewable groundwater supply and human withdrawals. Herein, we use in situ data from 12,230 piezometers, 14,856 observation wells, and groundwater extraction points to provide ground-based evidence about Iran’s widespread groundwater depletion and salinity problems. While the number of groundwater extraction points increased by 84.9% from 546,000 in 2002 to over a million in 2015, the annual groundwater withdrawal decreased by 18% (from 74.6 to 61.3 km3/y) primarily due to physical limits to fresh groundwater resources (i.e., depletion and/or salinization). On average, withdrawing 5.4 km3/y of nonrenewable water caused groundwater tables to decline 10 to 100 cm/y in different regions, averaging 49 cm/y across the country. This caused elevated annual average electrical conductivity (EC) of groundwater in vast arid/semiarid areas of central and eastern Iran (16 out of 30 subbasins), indicating “very high salinity hazard” for irrigation water. The annual average EC values were generally lower in the wetter northern and western regions, where groundwater EC improvements were detected in rare cases. Our results based on high-resolution groundwater measurements reveal alarming water security threats associated with declining fresh groundwater quantity and quality due to many years of unsustainable use. Our analysis offers insights into the environmental implications and limitations of water-intensive development plans that other water-scarce countries might adopt. |
领域 | 资源环境 |
URL | 查看原文 |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/330731 |
专题 | 资源环境科学 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Roohollah Noori,Mohsen Maghrebi,Ali Mirchi,等. Anthropogenic depletion of Iran’s aquifers[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2021. |
APA | Roohollah Noori.,Mohsen Maghrebi.,Ali Mirchi.,Qiuhong Tang.,Rabin Bhattarai.,...&Kaveh Madani.(2021).Anthropogenic depletion of Iran’s aquifers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. |
MLA | Roohollah Noori,et al."Anthropogenic depletion of Iran’s aquifers".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2021). |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
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