Sex chromosome transformation and the origin of a male-specific X chromosome in the creeping vole

doi:10.1126/science.abg7019

GSTDTAP > 气候变化

DOI	10.1126/science.abg7019
	Sex chromosome transformation and the origin of a male-specific X chromosome in the creeping vole
	Matthew B. Couger; Scott W. Roy; Noelle Anderson; Landen Gozashti; Stacy Pirro; Lindsay S. Millward; Michelle Kim; Duncan Kilburn; Kelvin J. Liu; Todd M. Wilson; Clinton W. Epps; Laurie Dizney; Luis A. Ruedas; Polly Campbell
	2021-05-07
发表期刊	Science
出版年	2021
英文摘要	Chromosomal sex determination arises when an autosomal locus acquires a sex-determining function. In some taxa, this process occurs often. The XY system in mammals, however, has been evolutionarily stable across a wide array of species. Fifty years ago, a variation on this norm was described in the creeping vole ( Microtus oregoni ), but the details have remained mostly unknown. Couger et al. sequenced the sex chromosomes in this species and found that the Y chromosome has been lost, the male-determining chromosome is a second X that is largely homologous to the female X, and both the maternally inherited and male-specific sex chromosomes carry vestiges of the ancestral Y. Science , this issue p. [592][1] The mammalian sex chromosome system (XX female/XY male) is ancient and highly conserved. The sex chromosome karyotype of the creeping vole ( Microtus oregoni ) represents a long-standing anomaly, with an X chromosome that is unpaired in females (X0) and exclusively maternally transmitted. We produced a highly contiguous male genome assembly, together with short-read genomes and transcriptomes for both sexes. We show that M. oregoni has lost an independently segregating Y chromosome and that the male-specific sex chromosome is a second X chromosome that is largely homologous to the maternally transmitted X. Both maternally inherited and male-specific sex chromosomes carry fragments of the ancestral Y chromosome. Consequences of this recently transformed sex chromosome system include Y-like degeneration and gene amplification on the male-specific X, expression of ancestral Y-linked genes in females, and X inactivation of the male-specific chromosome in male somatic cells. The genome of M. oregoni elucidates the processes that shape the gene content and dosage of mammalian sex chromosomes and exemplifies a rare case of plasticity in an ancient sex chromosome system. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abg7019
领域	气候变化 ; 资源环境
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文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/325935
专题	气候变化资源环境科学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Matthew B. Couger,Scott W. Roy,Noelle Anderson,et al. Sex chromosome transformation and the origin of a male-specific X chromosome in the creeping vole[J]. Science,2021.
APA	Matthew B. Couger.,Scott W. Roy.,Noelle Anderson.,Landen Gozashti.,Stacy Pirro.,...&Polly Campbell.(2021).Sex chromosome transformation and the origin of a male-specific X chromosome in the creeping vole.Science.
MLA	Matthew B. Couger,et al."Sex chromosome transformation and the origin of a male-specific X chromosome in the creeping vole".Science (2021).