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DOI | 10.1029/2018JD028295 |
An Analysis of Current and Electric Field Pulses Associated With Upward Negative Lightning Flashes Initiated from the Santis Tower | |
He, Lixia1,2,3,4; Azadifar, Mohammad4,5; Rachidi, Farhad4; Rubinstein, Marcos5; Rakov, Vladimir A.6,7; Cooray, Vernon8; Pavanello, Davide9; Xing, Hongyan1,2,3 | |
2018-04-27 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES |
ISSN | 2169-897X |
EISSN | 2169-8996 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 123期号:8页码:4045-4059 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Peoples R China; Switzerland; USA; Russia; Sweden |
英文摘要 | We present a study on the characteristics of current and electric field pulses associated with upward lightning flashes initiated from the instrumented Santis Tower in Switzerland. The electric field was measured 15km from the tower. Upward flashes always begin with the initial stage composed of the upward-leader phase and the initial-continuous-current (ICC) phase. Four types of current pulses are identified and analyzed in the paper: (1) return-stroke pulses, which occur after the extinction of the ICC and are preceded by essentially no-current time intervals; (2) mixed-mode ICC pulses, defined as fast pulses superimposed on the ICC, which have characteristics very similar to those of return strokes and are believed to be associated with the reactivation of a decayed branch or the connection of a newly created channel to the ICC-carrying channel at relatively small junction heights; (3) classical M-component pulses superimposed on the continuing current following some return strokes; and (4) M-component-type ICC pulses, presumably associated with the reactivation of a decayed branch or the connection of a newly created channel to the ICC-carrying channel at relatively large junction heights. We consider a data set consisting of 9 return-stroke pulses, 70 mixed-mode ICC pulses, 11 classical M-component pulses, and 19 M-component-type ICC pulses (a total of 109 pulses). The salient characteristics of the current and field waveforms are analyzed. A new criterion is proposed to distinguish between mixed-mode and M-component-type pulses, which is based on the current waveform features. The characteristics of M-component-type pulses during the initial stage are found to be similar to those of classical M-component pulses occurring during the continuing current after some return strokes. It is also found that about 41% of mixed-mode ICC pulses were preceded by microsecond-scale pulses occurring in electric field records some hundreds of microseconds prior to the onset of the current, very similar to microsecond-scale electric field pulses observed for M-component-type ICC pulses and which can be attributed to the junction of an in-cloud leader channel to the current-carrying channel to ground. Classical M-component pulses and M-component-type ICC pulses tend to have larger risetimes ranging from 6.3 to 430s. On the other hand, return-stroke pulses and mixed-mode ICC pulses have current risetimes ranging from 0.5 to 28s. Finally, our data suggest that the 8-s criterion for the current risetime proposed by Flache et al. is a reasonable tool to distinguish between return strokes and classical M-components. However, mixed-mode ICC pulses superimposed on the ICC can sometimes have considerably longer risetimes, up to about 28s, as observed in this study. |
英文关键词 | lightning upward lightning return stroke tall structures charge transfer mode lightning electric field |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000433071200013 |
WOS关键词 | RETURN ; PARAMETERS ; DISCHARGES ; OBJECTS |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/32291 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Minist Educ KLME, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China; 2.Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, CIC FEMD, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China; 3.Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Jiangsu Key Lab Meteorol Observat & Informat Proc, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China; 4.Swiss Fed Inst Technol EPFL, Electromagnet Compatibil Lab, Lausanne, Switzerland; 5.Univ Appl Sci Western Switzerland, Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Yverdon, Switzerland; 6.Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL USA; 7.Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia; 8.Uppsala Univ, Div Elect, Uppsala, Sweden; 9.Univ Appl Sci Western Switzerland, Inst Syst Engn, Sion, Switzerland |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | He, Lixia,Azadifar, Mohammad,Rachidi, Farhad,et al. An Analysis of Current and Electric Field Pulses Associated With Upward Negative Lightning Flashes Initiated from the Santis Tower[J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES,2018,123(8):4045-4059. |
APA | He, Lixia.,Azadifar, Mohammad.,Rachidi, Farhad.,Rubinstein, Marcos.,Rakov, Vladimir A..,...&Xing, Hongyan.(2018).An Analysis of Current and Electric Field Pulses Associated With Upward Negative Lightning Flashes Initiated from the Santis Tower.JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES,123(8),4045-4059. |
MLA | He, Lixia,et al."An Analysis of Current and Electric Field Pulses Associated With Upward Negative Lightning Flashes Initiated from the Santis Tower".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 123.8(2018):4045-4059. |
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