Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
| DOI | 10.1126/science.abi4819 |
| Seismological rockslide warnings in the Himalaya | |
| N. Purnachandra Rao; Rajesh Rekapalli; D. Srinagesh; V. M. Tiwari; Niels Hovius; Kristen L. Cook; Michael Dietze | |
| 2021-04-16 | |
| 发表期刊 | Science
 |
| 出版年 | 2021 |
| 英文摘要 | On 7 February, a glaciated ridge of Ronti mountain in the western Himalaya failed at 5600 m above sea level, causing a rockslide that induced a debris flow and flooding in the tributaries of the river Ganga ([ 1 ][1]). The events destroyed two hydroelectric projects and claimed more than 100 lives. Himalayan countries urgently need a robust early warning mechanism for rockslides and triggered flow cascades such as debris flow and flash floods. These flows move at up to tens of meters per second. In contrast, the elastic waves they generate have speeds of a few kilometers per second [([ 2 ][2]), p. 59], arriving quickly at different seismic stations and potentially providing advance notice of disasters. A dense seismological network could be the key to a successful early warning system.
Satellites are conventionally used to detect rockslides and cascading events, but the time gaps between satellite data acquisitions limit their utility for real-time monitoring [e.g., ([ 3 ][3])]. Seismic stations can record several data samples per second [([ 2 ][2]), p. 385], but the use of seismic data for this purpose strongly depends on the availability and proximity of a dense seismic network. The network would need several dozen stations within about 100 km of the area prone to hazard ([ 4 ][4]). The arrival time of various phases of a seismic wave at different stations in such a network could provide a close to real-time alert of a rockslide and could pinpoint when a rockslide transitions to a debris flow and where flood risks might increase ([ 5 ][5]). If the stations were connected by satellite to a monitoring center, seismic data could support automated detection, location, and early warning of hazardous flash floods.
In the Indian state of Uttarakhand, the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research–National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, operates a dense network of more than 80 seismic stations ([ 6 ][6]). The individual phases of the 7 February event are likely identifiable in the records at these stations. Efforts are currently under way to develop a rockslide and flood early warning system for the Himalayan region by using dense networks for seismic monitoring ([ 5 ][5], [ 6 ][6]), coupled with interpretation of satellite data, numerical modeling, and geomorphic analysis. Such a system could potentially provide crucial warning information shortly after initiation of an event, enabling evacuation at downstream locations. With climate change playing a major role in accelerating ice loss in the mountain glaciers ([ 7 ][7]), likely leading to increased frequency of flash floods, real-time seismic monitoring may become the key to minimizing damage and casualties caused by these events.
1. [↵][8]1. D. Petley
, “The catastrophic landslide and flood in Chamoli in Uttarakhand: The sequence of events,” The Landslide Blog (American Geophysical Union, 2021); |
| 领域 | 气候变化 ; 资源环境 |
| URL | 查看原文 |
| 引用统计 | |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/322875 |
| 专题 | 气候变化 资源环境科学 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | N. Purnachandra Rao,Rajesh Rekapalli,D. Srinagesh,et al. Seismological rockslide warnings in the Himalaya[J]. Science,2021. |
| APA | N. Purnachandra Rao.,Rajesh Rekapalli.,D. Srinagesh.,V. M. Tiwari.,Niels Hovius.,...&Michael Dietze.(2021).Seismological rockslide warnings in the Himalaya.Science. |
| MLA | N. Purnachandra Rao,et al."Seismological rockslide warnings in the Himalaya".Science (2021). |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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