Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1073/pnas.2024463118 |
Cardenolides, toxicity, and the costs of sequestration in the coevolutionary interaction between monarchs and milkweeds | |
Anurag A. Agrawal; Katalin Böröczky; Meena Haribal; Amy P. Hastings; Ronald A. White; Ren-Wang Jiang; Christophe Duplais | |
2021-04-20 | |
发表期刊 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
出版年 | 2021 |
英文摘要 | For highly specialized insect herbivores, plant chemical defenses are often co-opted as cues for oviposition and sequestration. In such interactions, can plants evolve novel defenses, pushing herbivores to trade off benefits of specialization with costs of coping with toxins? We tested how variation in milkweed toxins (cardenolides) impacted monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) growth, sequestration, and oviposition when consuming tropical milkweed (Asclepias curassavica), one of two critical host plants worldwide. The most abundant leaf toxin, highly apolar and thiazolidine ring–containing voruscharin, accounted for 40% of leaf cardenolides, negatively predicted caterpillar growth, and was not sequestered. Using whole plants and purified voruscharin, we show that monarch caterpillars convert voruscharin to calotropin and calactin in vivo, imposing a burden on growth. As shown by in vitro experiments, this conversion is facilitated by temperature and alkaline pH. We next employed toxin-target site experiments with isolated cardenolides and the monarch’s neural Na+/K+-ATPase, revealing that voruscharin is highly inhibitory compared with several standards and sequestered cardenolides. The monarch’s typical >50-fold enhanced resistance to cardenolides compared with sensitive animals was absent for voruscharin, suggesting highly specific plant defense. Finally, oviposition was greatest on intermediate cardenolide plants, supporting the notion of a trade-off between benefits and costs of sequestration for this highly specialized herbivore. There is apparently ample opportunity for continued coevolution between monarchs and milkweeds, although the diffuse nature of the interaction, due to migration and interaction with multiple milkweeds, may limit the ability of monarchs to counteradapt. |
领域 | 资源环境 |
URL | 查看原文 |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/322850 |
专题 | 资源环境科学 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Anurag A. Agrawal,Katalin Böröczky,Meena Haribal,et al. Cardenolides, toxicity, and the costs of sequestration in the coevolutionary interaction between monarchs and milkweeds[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2021. |
APA | Anurag A. Agrawal.,Katalin Böröczky.,Meena Haribal.,Amy P. Hastings.,Ronald A. White.,...&Christophe Duplais.(2021).Cardenolides, toxicity, and the costs of sequestration in the coevolutionary interaction between monarchs and milkweeds.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. |
MLA | Anurag A. Agrawal,et al."Cardenolides, toxicity, and the costs of sequestration in the coevolutionary interaction between monarchs and milkweeds".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2021). |
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