Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
Getting on track to net zero: heat pumps | |
Pedro Guertler Richard Lowes Jan Rosenow | |
2021-03-24 | |
出版年 | 2021 |
国家 | 欧洲 |
领域 | 气候变化 |
英文摘要 | Read the report by E3G and RAP here. Heat pumps are widely seen as a central element of the UK’s transformation to net-zero compatible heating. This paper considers the practical choices that policymakers face supporting the deployment of heat pumps to achieve a net-zero UK. The government’s current target of 600,000 heat pumps installed annually by 2028 is ambitious, but it falls short of the deployment levels recently suggested (900,000 per annum) by the Climate Change Committee (CCC). It is clear that existing and proposed policy is currently insufficient to drive the market at anything near the required deployment levels. The still active Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) is set to deploy less than one-sixth of the domestic heat pumps it intended by its original end date of April 2021. Other existing and planned programmes will not significantly increase the amount of heat pumps deployed, pointing to a policy gap. This paper examines how this gap can be closed and the targets met. To achieve sensible and sustainable scale-up of the market for heat pump retrofit, its growth in homes on the gas grid needs to be driven now, in parallel with off-gas and newly built homes. This will require a much fuller, longer-term and more coordinated set of policy interventions than the limited measures presently planned by the government. The scale and required speed of the transition should not be underestimated. Accordingly, individual interventions cannot result in the deployment of heat pumps at the scale needed. It’s necessary, therefore, to have a strategically governed combination of measures, which includes regulation, restructuring of taxes and levies, financial support, area-based planning and citizen engagement. At the very least, this requires major decisions now regarding:
Key elements of our proposed package to 2030 include:
In combination, these measures can transform the heat pump market in the UK from a niche application to the scale needed to reach the UK’s carbon targets. We have deliberately used conservative heat pump costs in our analysis, reflecting limited UK heat pump cost data, which itself reflects a heavily subsidised market. We are confident that the potential for innovation, competition and cost reduction in financing, technology, deployment and running costs is significant and that decisive early action can harness and drive these forces. Decisions taken now can provide a major boost to the UK’s COP26 presidency and outcomes of this year’s crucial climate negotiations. The prizes are significant. Beyond the emissions reductions, switching from fossil gas to heat pumps could drive major, inclusive post-Brexit and post-Covid green growth and reduce reliance on fossil fuel imports. In fact, the government has acknowledged the growth of heat pumps can build on the UK’s existing appliance manufacturing base and potentially lead to a heat pump export market. |
URL | 查看原文 |
来源平台 | E3G |
文献类型 | 科技报告 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/321165 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Pedro Guertler Richard Lowes Jan Rosenow. Getting on track to net zero: heat pumps,2021. |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
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