Formation of α clusters in dilute neutron-rich matter

doi:10.1126/science.abe4688

GSTDTAP > 气候变化

DOI	10.1126/science.abe4688
	Formation of α clusters in dilute neutron-rich matter
	Junki Tanaka; Zaihong Yang; Stefan Typel; Satoshi Adachi; Shiwei Bai; Patrik van Beek; Didier Beaumel; Yuki Fujikawa; Jiaxing Han; Sebastian Heil; Siwei Huang; Azusa Inoue; Ying Jiang; Marco Knösel; Nobuyuki Kobayashi; Yuki Kubota; Wei Liu; Jianling Lou; Yukie Maeda; Yohei Matsuda; Kenjiro Miki; Shoken Nakamura; Kazuyuki Ogata; Valerii Panin; Heiko Scheit; Fabia Schindler; Philipp Schrock; Dmytro Symochko; Atsushi Tamii; Tomohiro Uesaka; Vadim Wagner; Kazuki Yoshida; Juzo Zenihiro; Thomas Aumann
	2021-01-15
发表期刊	Science
出版年	2021
英文摘要	α Decay is a common mode of radioactivity in heavy elements such as uranium that entails the loss of particles comprising two protons and two neutrons. Despite more than a century of study, when and where these α particles form in stable and unstable nuclei alike remains an open question. Tanaka et al. bombarded a series of stable tin isotopes with high-energy protons and detected ejected α particles at an abundance inversely correlated with mass number (see the Perspective by Hen). This observation, relating α particle accumulation to the neutron skin thickness at the nuclear surface, bears on models spanning radioactive decay to neutron star dynamics. Science , this issue p. [260][1]; see also p. [232][2] The surface of neutron-rich heavy nuclei, with a neutron skin created by excess neutrons, provides an important terrestrial model system to study dilute neutron-rich matter. By using quasi-free α cluster–knockout reactions, we obtained direct experimental evidence for the formation of α clusters at the surface of neutron-rich tin isotopes. The observed monotonous decrease of the reaction cross sections with increasing mass number, in excellent agreement with the theoretical prediction, implies a tight interplay between α-cluster formation and the neutron skin. This result, in turn, calls for a revision of the correlation between the neutron-skin thickness and the density dependence of the symmetry energy, which is essential for understanding neutron stars. Our result also provides a natural explanation for the origin of α particles in α decay. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abe4688 [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abf2427
领域	气候变化 ; 资源环境
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文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/311496
专题	气候变化资源环境科学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Junki Tanaka,Zaihong Yang,Stefan Typel,et al. Formation of α clusters in dilute neutron-rich matter[J]. Science,2021.
APA	Junki Tanaka.,Zaihong Yang.,Stefan Typel.,Satoshi Adachi.,Shiwei Bai.,...&Thomas Aumann.(2021).Formation of α clusters in dilute neutron-rich matter.Science.
MLA	Junki Tanaka,et al."Formation of α clusters in dilute neutron-rich matter".Science (2021).