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DOI | 10.5194/acp-17-8553-2017 |
Exploring gravity wave characteristics in 3-D using a novel S-transform technique: AIRS/Aqua measurements over the Southern Andes and Drake Passage | |
Wright, Corwin J.1; Hindley, Neil P.1,2; Hoffmann, Lars3; Alexander, M. Joan4; Mitchell, Nicholas J.1 | |
2017-07-13 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS |
ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 17期号:13 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | England; Germany; USA |
英文摘要 | Gravity waves (GWs) transport momentum and energy in the atmosphere, exerting a profound influence on the global circulation. Accurately measuring them is thus vital both for understanding the atmosphere and for developing the next generation of weather forecasting and climate prediction models. However, it has proven very difficult to measure the full set of GW parameters from satellite measurements, which are the only suitable observations with global coverage. This is particularly critical at latitudes close to 60 degrees S, where climate models significantly under-represent wave momentum fluxes. Here, we present a novel fully 3-D method for detecting and characterising GWs in the stratosphere. This method is based around a 3-D Stockwell transform, and can be applied retrospectively to existing observed data. This is the first scientific use of this spectral analysis technique. We apply our method to high-resolution 3D atmospheric temperature data from AIRS/Aqua over the altitude range 20-60 km. Our method allows us to determine a wide range of parameters for each wave detected. These include amplitude, propagation direction, horizontal/vertical wavelength, height/direction-resolved momentum fluxes (MFs), and phase and group velocity vectors. The latter three have not previously been measured from an individual satellite instrument. We demonstrate this method over the region around the Southern Andes and Antarctic Peninsula, the largest known sources of GW MFs near the 60 degrees S belt. Our analyses reveal the presence of strongly intermittent highly directionally focused GWs with very high momentum fluxes (similar to 80-100 mPa or more at 30 km altitude). These waves are closely associated with the mountains rather than the open ocean of the Drake Passage. Measured fluxes are directed orthogonal to both mountain ranges, consistent with an orographic source mechanism, and are largest in winter. Further, our measurements of wave group velocity vectors show clear observational evidence that these waves are strongly focused into the polar night wind jet, and thus may contribute significantly to the "missing momentum" at these latitudes. These results demonstrate the capabilities of our new method, which provides a powerful tool for delivering the observations required for the next generation of weather and climate models. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000405466800004 |
WOS关键词 | MOMENTUM FLUX ; CLIMATE MODELS ; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS ; MIDDLE-ATMOSPHERE ; MOUNTAIN WAVES ; AIRS ; STRATOSPHERE ; VARIABILITY ; HIRDLS ; TEMPERATURES |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/31110 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Bath, Ctr Space Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Bath, Avon, England; 2.Univ Leeds, Inst Climate & Atmospher Sci, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England; 3.Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich Supercomp Ctr, Julich, Germany; 4.Northwest Res Associates, Boulder, CO USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Wright, Corwin J.,Hindley, Neil P.,Hoffmann, Lars,et al. Exploring gravity wave characteristics in 3-D using a novel S-transform technique: AIRS/Aqua measurements over the Southern Andes and Drake Passage[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2017,17(13). |
APA | Wright, Corwin J.,Hindley, Neil P.,Hoffmann, Lars,Alexander, M. Joan,&Mitchell, Nicholas J..(2017).Exploring gravity wave characteristics in 3-D using a novel S-transform technique: AIRS/Aqua measurements over the Southern Andes and Drake Passage.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,17(13). |
MLA | Wright, Corwin J.,et al."Exploring gravity wave characteristics in 3-D using a novel S-transform technique: AIRS/Aqua measurements over the Southern Andes and Drake Passage".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 17.13(2017). |
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