While there are therapies to aid in overall heart health, there are very few preventative therapies for heart failure after a significant heart attack, a serious condition that has a very significant mortality. However, researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have found a potential treatment that has shown promising results in mice.
The findings, published in the latest edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, showed that stimulation of a steroid receptor coactivator, SRC-3, by a molecule known as MCB-613 after a heart attack prevented the scar and maladaptive repair of heart tissue that can lead to heart failure.
"Heart failure after a significant heart attack is a leading cause of death in humans. It often occurs over a few years; a person becomes weaker and weaker and eventually they die," said Dr. Bert O'Malley, professor of molecular and cellular biology at Baylor and lead author of the study. "In the mouse model, our team has been able to show that MCB-613 decreases damaging remodeling when given within hours after a myocardial infarction, thereby inhibiting the subsequent development of heart failure."
Researchers had previously discovered and characterized MCB-613 as a small molecule stimulator for SRCs. The family of SRCs are responsible for cellular plasticity and cell growth pathways during both normal and abnormal tissue growth. After a heart attack, the damaged tissue scars. This results in tissue loss and increased inflammation, fibrosis and a progressive decrease in cardiac function, all of which are hallmarks of myocardial infarction-induced heart failure.
The molecule works by stimulating SRC-3, thus initiating a complex cascade of events in tissue repair and modulation of the inflammatory response. O'Malley and his team also found that after treating the mice model with MCB-613, there were no significant signs of toxicity.
"The clinical implications of this discovery are significant. I have cared for many patients with advanced heart failure, and if we can modulate the natural history of this disease at all, we will lessen the No. 1 cause of human death and avoid a significant amount of human suffering," said Dr. Clifford Dacso, professor of molecular and cellular biology and medicine.
"Our findings show us that this molecule acts directly on heart tissue repair and regeneration after a severe heart attack; however, more studies are needed to fully understand the safety and efficacy before we are able to use this as a therapy in humans," O'Malley said.
"Our study shows promise to address the unmet need for treatments to prevent damage to heart tissue following a heart attack. These findings pave the way for discovery of additional treatments to target chronic heart disease progression," said Dr. Lisa Mullany, assistant professor of molecular and cellular biology and first author on the study.
"This is a remarkable discovery that may lead to an effective and safe treatment to prevent the progression to heart failure after a heart attack. Heart failure is a devastating disease that is more lethal than all cancers combined, and currently there are no definitive therapies other than heart transplantation. MCB-613 is a great candidate to help solve this huge clinical problem," said Dr. James Martin, Vivian L. Smith professor of regenerative medicine, molecular physiology and biophysics.
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Others who took part in the study include Drs. Aarti D. Rohira, David Lonard, Jong H. Kim, Tanner O. Monroe, Andrea R. Ortiz, Brittany Stork, M. Waleed Gaber, Poonam Sarkar, Andrew G. Sikora, Todd K. Rosengart, Brian York, Yongcheng Song, all with Baylor, and Dr. John P. Leach with the University of Pennsylvania. O'Malley, Mullany and Dacso are members of the Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center at Baylor.
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