Agricultural ammonia emissions in China: reconciling bottom-up and top-down estimates

doi:10.5194/acp-18-339-2018

GSTDTAP > 地球科学

DOI	10.5194/acp-18-339-2018
	Agricultural ammonia emissions in China: reconciling bottom-up and top-down estimates
	Lin Zhang, Youfan Chen, Yuanhong Zhao, Daven K. Henze, Liye Zhu, Yu Song, Fabien Paulot, Xuejun Liu, Yuepeng Pan, Yi Lin, and Binxiang Huang
	2018-01-12
发表期刊	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
出版年	2018
英文摘要	Current estimates of agricultural ammonia (NH₃) emissions in China differ by more than a factor of 2, hindering our understanding of their environmental consequences. Here we apply both bottom-up statistical and top-down inversion methods to quantify NH₃ emissions from agriculture in China for the year 2008. We first assimilate satellite observations of NH₃ column concentration from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) using the GEOS-Chem adjoint model to optimize Chinese anthropogenic NH₃ emissions at the 1∕2°  ×  2∕3° horizontal resolution for March–October 2008. Optimized emissions show a strong summer peak, with emissions about 50 % higher in summer than spring and fall, which is underestimated in current bottom-up NH₃ emission estimates. To reconcile the latter with the top-down results, we revisit the processes of agricultural NH₃ emissions and develop an improved bottom-up inventory of Chinese NH₃ emissions from fertilizer application and livestock waste at the 1∕2°  ×  2∕3° resolution. Our bottom-up emission inventory includes more detailed information on crop-specific fertilizer application practices and better accounts for meteorological modulation of NH₃ emission factors in China. We find that annual anthropogenic NH₃ emissions are 11.7 Tg for 2008, with 5.05 Tg from fertilizer application and 5.31 Tg from livestock waste. The two sources together account for 88 % of total anthropogenic NH₃ emissions in China. Our bottom-up emission estimates also show a distinct seasonality peaking in summer, consistent with top-down results from the satellite-based inversion. Further evaluations using surface network measurements show that the model driven by our bottom-up emissions reproduces the observed spatial and seasonal variations of NH₃ gas concentrations and ammonium (NH₄⁺) wet deposition fluxes over China well, providing additional credibility to the improvements we have made to our agricultural NH₃ emission inventory.
领域	地球科学
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文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/287855
专题	地球科学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lin Zhang, Youfan Chen, Yuanhong Zhao, Daven K. Henze, Liye Zhu, Yu Song, Fabien Paulot, Xuejun Liu, Yuepeng Pan, Yi Lin, and Binxiang Huang. Agricultural ammonia emissions in China: reconciling bottom-up and top-down estimates[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2018.
APA	Lin Zhang, Youfan Chen, Yuanhong Zhao, Daven K. Henze, Liye Zhu, Yu Song, Fabien Paulot, Xuejun Liu, Yuepeng Pan, Yi Lin, and Binxiang Huang.(2018).Agricultural ammonia emissions in China: reconciling bottom-up and top-down estimates.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics.
MLA	Lin Zhang, Youfan Chen, Yuanhong Zhao, Daven K. Henze, Liye Zhu, Yu Song, Fabien Paulot, Xuejun Liu, Yuepeng Pan, Yi Lin, and Binxiang Huang."Agricultural ammonia emissions in China: reconciling bottom-up and top-down estimates".Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2018).