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DOI | 10.5194/acp-18-6567-2018 |
Stratospheric ozone measurements at Arosa (Switzerland): history and scientific relevance | |
Staehelin, Johannes1; Viatte, Pierre2; Stubi, Rene2; Tummon, Fiona1; Peter, Thomas1 | |
2018-05-08 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS |
ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 18期号:9页码:6567-6584 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Switzerland |
英文摘要 | In 1926 stratospheric ozone measurements began at the Light Climatic Observatory (LKO) in Arosa (Switzerland), marking the beginning of the world's longest series of total (or column) ozone measurements. They were driven by the recognition that atmospheric ozone is important for human health, as well as by scientific curiosity about what was, at the time, an ill characterised atmospheric trace gas. From around the mid-1950s to the beginning of the 1970s studies of high atmosphere circulation patterns that could improve weather forecasting was justification for studying stratospheric ozone. In the mid-1970s, a paradigm shift occurred when it became clear that the damaging effects of anthropogenic ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), such as long-lived chlorofluorocarbons, needed to be documented. This justified continuing the ground-based measurements of stratospheric ozone. Levels of ODSs peaked around the mid-1990s as a result of a global environmental policy to protect the ozone layer, implemented through the 1987 Montreal Protocol and its subsequent amendments and adjustments. Consequently, chemical destruction of stratospheric ozone started to slow around the mid-1990s. To some extent, this raises the question as to whether continued ozone observation is indeed necessary. In the last decade there has been a tendency to reduce the costs associated with making ozone measurements globally including at Arosa. However, the large natural variability in ozone on diurnal, seasonal, and interannual scales complicates the capacity for demonstrating the success of the Montreal Protocol. Chemistry-climate models also predict a "super-recovery" of the ozone layer at mid-latitudes in the second half of this century, i.e. an increase of ozone concentrations beyond pre-1970 levels, as a consequence of ongoing climate change. These factors, and identifying potentially unexpected stratospheric responses to climate change, support the continued need to document stratospheric ozone changes. This is particularly valuable at the Arosa site, due to the unique length of the observational record. This paper presents the evolution of the ozone layer, the history of international ozone research, and discusses the justification for the measurements in the past, present and into future. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000431733900005 |
WOS关键词 | TOTAL COLUMN OZONE ; LONG-TERM CHANGES ; ATMOSPHERIC OZONE ; EXTREME EVENTS ; PROFILE TRENDS ; BREWER ; CHEMISTRY ; DEPLETION ; SERIES ; 20TH-CENTURY |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/28385 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.ETHZ, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland; 2.Fed Off Meteorol & Climatol MeteoSwiss, Payerne, Switzerland |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Staehelin, Johannes,Viatte, Pierre,Stubi, Rene,et al. Stratospheric ozone measurements at Arosa (Switzerland): history and scientific relevance[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2018,18(9):6567-6584. |
APA | Staehelin, Johannes,Viatte, Pierre,Stubi, Rene,Tummon, Fiona,&Peter, Thomas.(2018).Stratospheric ozone measurements at Arosa (Switzerland): history and scientific relevance.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,18(9),6567-6584. |
MLA | Staehelin, Johannes,et al."Stratospheric ozone measurements at Arosa (Switzerland): history and scientific relevance".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 18.9(2018):6567-6584. |
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