Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
OBSERVER: Updated Green, Blue and White Copernicus Marine Data | |
admin | |
2020-07-09 | |
发布年 | 2020 |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | 欧洲 |
领域 | 气候变化 |
正文(英文) | OBSERVER: Updated Green, Blue and White Copernicus Marine DataThe Copernicus Marine Service updates its portfolio about 3 times a year, usually in March, July and December every year. The July 2020 portfolio update has just been released and now includes a wide range of updates supporting many sectors, including European Policies such as the Maritime Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), thanks to new information about harmful algal blooms and water quality over the global ocean. It also supports Geographic Information System (GIS) communities thanks to new ESRI shapefile format compliant with GIS software available for the first time in the Copernicus Marine portfolio. The Copernicus Marine Service distributes free of charge marine data and variables across the Blue, White and Green Ocean.
The Blue Ocean describes the physical state of the ocean, such as sea surface temperature, sea level, currents, waves, and winds. Measurements of ocean heat content, salinity, and density also fall under the blue ocean. The Green Ocean describes biogeochemical processes, the transfer of simple chemical substances between ocean life and the ocean environment. The green ocean encompasses, for example, variations in the biological carbon pump, chlorophyll-a concentrations, ocean nutrients, and primary production, as well as ocean acidification and ocean deoxygenation. The Green Ocean includes information that help in understanding the carbon cycle from the ocean view and how Ocean can contribute to the absorption of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The White Ocean deals with the monitoring of the poles and to the critical life cycle of any kind of floating, melting or freezing sea-ice. Information products and indicators for the white ocean include the extent, volume, and thickness of sea ice in the Baltic Sea, Arctic Ocean, and Antarctic Ocean. It ranges from real-time observations to sea-ice forecasting as well as reanalysis of sea-ice parameters along time. We present below an overview of the July 2020 Copernicus Marine portfolio release for the Green, Blue and White Ocean. More detailed information is available from the Copernicus Marine Service web portal (more here). Green OceanPhytoplankton in the world's oceans creates half the oxygen we need to breathe. Satellite ocean colour is widely used for estimating chlorophyll a concentration, i.e. an indicator of phytoplankton biomass. However, until recently it was not possible to estimate these phytoplankton populations in detail either using satellite or in situ measures. Extracting information on phytoplankton group distribution has hence become a top priority for researchers that could be assimilated into biogeochemistry models. This group distribution is called “Phytoplankton Functional Type”. A big step has been achieved by the Copernicus Marine Service that now provides new Phytoplankton Functional Types (PFTs) for the global ocean in real time (product reference (009_033). It allows to dentify typology of the phytoplankton, key information for monitoring carbon export into the sea (major mitigation of global warming at Earth scale), as well as for better understanding the very first level of trophic chain in the sea. PFTs represent detailed groups of phytoplankton, and now include diatoms, haptophytes, dinoflagellates, green algae and prokaryotic phytoplankton. Monitoring these PFTs allows to determine in which parts of the ocean certain types of phytoplankton are dominant. A better monitoring of the world’s ocean water quality and its ramification for the fishing industry and for the quantification of atmospheric carbon export into the sea is now possible (more here). White OceanSince 1993, Arctic sea ice extent has decreased significantly at an annual rate of -750 000 square kilometers (km2) per decade. This is equivalent to losing an area of sea ice about 1.5 times the size of Spain per decade and represents a loss of -5.8% per decade of Arctic sea ice extent over the period 1993 to 2018. The 2018 Arctic maximum winter sea ice extent, which occurred in March, is the second lowest on record after winter 2017 (see here ). For the white ocean, a new productnow provides more accurate and higher resolution real time sea ice parameters in the Arctic (product reference is 002_011) in order to better monitor the polar environment. A new analysis and forecast stand-alone sea ice model at 3km horizontal resolution is now proposed. This new product uses a novel approach to simulate the sea-ice-damaging process and the associated ice cover deformation and mechanical healing, providing an alternative to classical sea ice models. Sea Ice thickness fields are now much more realistic than before and can provide ridged ice diagnostic, a more valuable parameter for navigation in ice covered areas than the mean ice thickness. Moreover, new Arctic Iceberg information (product reference 011_007) is also now available under the ESRI shapefile format for the first time in the Copernicus Marine portfolio. The shapefile format is a geospatial vector data format for geographic information system (GIS) software. It is developed and regulated by ESRI as a mostly open specification for data interoperability among ESRI and other GIS software products. It is the first time such data format is made available in the Copernicus Marine Portfolio. Hence, GIS communities will now benefit from non-gridded information on individual iceberg targets, allowing to support for example their iceberg-drift forecasting and for display on dynamically updated navigation maps (more here). Blue OceanReliable prediction of the largest waves during a storm event has always been mainly for offshore platform design, coastal activities, and navigation. Many severe accidents and casualties at sea have been ascribed to abnormal and unexpected waves. Activities such as offshore wind power, port management, and coastal recreation require information about the sea state with high resolution in both space and time. High-quality predictions of extreme events caused by storms could substantially contribute to avoiding or minimising damage to humans and equipment. This makes reliable wave forecasts and long-term observations of utmost importance. The July 2020 portfolio update now includes a new wave reanalysis for the European North West Shelf (product reference 004_015), providing wave data over the 1980-2019 time period, with a 1.5 km horizontal resolution. After 2 years of hard work and continuous updates, the Copernicus Marine wave portfolio is now almost complete with the remaining regional wave reanalysis in the Arctic basin that will arrive by December 2020 (more here) The next Copernicus Marine Service catalogue release will take place in December 2020. |
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来源平台 | The Copernicus Programme |
文献类型 | 新闻 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/283193 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | admin. OBSERVER: Updated Green, Blue and White Copernicus Marine Data. 2020. |
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