The first dinosaur egg was soft

doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2412-8

GSTDTAP > 地球科学

DOI	10.1038/s41586-020-2412-8
	The first dinosaur egg was soft
	Rodstrom, Karin E. J.1; Kiper, Aytug K.2; Zhang, Wei 1,5,6; Rinne, Susanne 2; Pike, Ashley C. W.1; Goldstein, Matthias 2; Conrad, Linus J.3,7; Delbeck, Martina 4; Hahn, Michael G.4; Meier, Heinrich 4; Platzk, Magdalena 4; Quigley, Andrew 1,8; Speedman, David 1; Shrestha, Leela 1; Mukhopadhyay, Shubhashish M. M.1
	2020-04-29
发表期刊	NATURE
ISSN	0028-0836
EISSN	1476-4687
出版年	2020
文章类型	Article;Early Access
语种	英语
国家	USA; Argentina; Canada
英文关键词	Molecular analyses of newly discovered, embryo-bearing ornithischian and sauropod dinosaur eggs suggest that the ancestral dinosaur egg was soft-shelled, and that hard-shelled eggs evolved independently at least three times in the major dinosaur lineages. Calcified eggshells protect developing embryos against environmental stress and contribute to reproductive success(1). As modern crocodilians and birds lay hard-shelled eggs, this eggshell type has been inferred for non-avian dinosaurs. Known dinosaur eggshells are characterized by an innermost membrane, an overlying protein matrix containing calcite, and an outermost waxy cuticle(2-7). The calcitic eggshell consists of one or more ultrastructural layers that differ markedly among the three major dinosaur clades, as do the configurations of respiratory pores. So far, only hadrosaurid, a few sauropodomorph and tetanuran eggshells have been discovered the paucity of the fossil record and the lack of intermediate eggshell types challenge efforts to homologize eggshell structures across all dinosaurs(8-18). Here we present mineralogical, organochemical and ultrastructural evidence for an originally non-biomineralized, soft-shelled nature of exceptionally preserved ornithischianProtoceratopsand basal sauropodomorphMussauruseggs. Statistical evaluation of in situ Raman spectra obtained for a representative set of hard- and soft-shelled, fossil and extant diapsid eggshells clusters the originally organic but secondarily phosphatizedProtoceratopsand the organicMussauruseggshells with soft, non-biomineralized eggshells. Histology corroborates the organic composition of these soft-shelled dinosaur eggs, revealing a stratified arrangement resembling turtle soft eggshell. Through an ancestral-state reconstruction of composition and ultrastructure, we compare eggshells fromProtoceratopsandMussauruswith those from other diapsids, revealing that the first dinosaur egg was soft-shelled. The calcified, hard-shelled dinosaur egg evolved independently at least three times throughout the Mesozoic era, explaining the bias towards eggshells of derived dinosaurs in the fossil record.
领域	地球科学 ; 气候变化 ; 资源环境
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000541024900008
WOS关键词	EGGSHELL STRUCTURE ; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS ; EMBRYOS ; REPRODUCTION ; EVOLUTION ; THEROPODS ; CHINA
WOS类目	Multidisciplinary Sciences
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/281562
专题	地球科学资源环境科学气候变化
作者单位	1.Univ Oxford, Struct Genom Consortium, Oxford, England; 2.Univ Marburg, Inst Physiol & Pathophysiol, Vegetat Physiol & Marburg Ctr Mind Brain & Behav, Marburg, Germany; 3.Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England; 4.Bayer AG, Res & Dev, Pharmaceut, Wuppertal, Germany; 5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microbiol, Publ Technol Serv Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China; 6.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microbiol, CAS Key Lab Pathogen Microbiol & Immunol, Beijing, Peoples R China; 7.Univ Sheffield, Dept Biomed Sci, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England; 8.Res Complex Harwell, Membrane Prot Lab, Harwell, Berks, England
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rodstrom, Karin E. J.,Kiper, Aytug K.,Zhang, Wei,et al. The first dinosaur egg was soft[J]. NATURE,2020.
APA	Rodstrom, Karin E. J..,Kiper, Aytug K..,Zhang, Wei.,Rinne, Susanne.,Pike, Ashley C. W..,...&Mukhopadhyay, Shubhashish M. M..(2020).The first dinosaur egg was soft.NATURE.
MLA	Rodstrom, Karin E. J.,et al."The first dinosaur egg was soft".NATURE (2020).