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DOI | 10.1175/JAS-D-19-0191.1 |
Understanding Atypical Midlevel Wind Speed Maxima in Hurricane Eyewalls | |
Stern, Daniel P.1; Kepert, Jeffrey D.2; Bryan, George H.3; Doyle, James D.4 | |
2020-05-01 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES |
ISSN | 0022-4928 |
EISSN | 1520-0469 |
出版年 | 2020 |
卷号 | 77期号:5页码:1531-1557 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA; Australia |
英文摘要 | In tropical cyclones (TCs), the peak wind speed is typically found near the top of the boundary layer (approximately 0.5-1 km). Recently, it was shown that in a few observed TCs, the wind speed within the eyewall can increase with height within the midtroposphere, resulting in a secondary local maximum at 4-5 km. This study presents additional evidence of such an atypical structure, using dropsonde and Doppler radar observations from Hurricane Patricia (2015). Near peak intensity, Patricia exhibited an absolute wind speed maximum at 5-6-km height, along with a weaker boundary layer maximum. Idealized simulations and a diagnostic boundary layer model are used to investigate the dynamics that result in these atypical wind profiles, which only occur in TCs that are very intense (surface wind speed > 50 m s(-1)) and/or very small (radius of maximum winds < 20 km). The existence of multiple maxima in wind speed is a consequence of an inertial oscillation that is driven ultimately by surface friction. The vertical oscillation in the radial velocity results in a series of unbalanced tangential wind jets, whose magnitude and structure can manifest as a midlevel wind speed maximum. The wavelength of the inertial oscillation increases with vertical mixing length l(infinity) in a turbulence parameterization, and no midlevel wind speed maximum occurs when l(infinity) is large. Consistent with theory, the wavelength in the simulations scales with (2K/I)(1/2), where K is the (vertical) turbulent diffusivity, and I-2 is the inertial stability. This scaling is used to explain why only small and/or strong TCs exhibit midlevel wind speed maxima. |
英文关键词 | Hurricanes Boundary layer Wind Friction Aircraft observations Mesoscale models |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000535703800002 |
WOS关键词 | HEIGHT-RESOLVING MODELS ; TROPICAL CYCLONE CORE ; SIMULATED SQUALL LINE ; BOUNDARY-LAYER JETS ; PART II ; INNER-CORE ; KINEMATIC STRUCTURE ; TANGENTIAL WINDS ; DYNAMICS ; SURFACE |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/280331 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Corp Atmospheric Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA; 2.Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; 3.Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA; 4.Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Stern, Daniel P.,Kepert, Jeffrey D.,Bryan, George H.,et al. Understanding Atypical Midlevel Wind Speed Maxima in Hurricane Eyewalls[J]. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,2020,77(5):1531-1557. |
APA | Stern, Daniel P.,Kepert, Jeffrey D.,Bryan, George H.,&Doyle, James D..(2020).Understanding Atypical Midlevel Wind Speed Maxima in Hurricane Eyewalls.JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,77(5),1531-1557. |
MLA | Stern, Daniel P.,et al."Understanding Atypical Midlevel Wind Speed Maxima in Hurricane Eyewalls".JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 77.5(2020):1531-1557. |
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