GSTDTAP  > 地球科学
DOI10.1175/JAS-D-19-0316.1
Are Supercells Resistant to Entrainment because of Their Rotation?
Peters, John M.1; Nowotarski, Christopher J.2; Mullendore, Gretchen L.3
2020-04-01
发表期刊JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
ISSN0022-4928
EISSN1520-0469
出版年2020
卷号77期号:4页码:1475-1495
文章类型Article
语种英语
国家USA
英文摘要

This research investigates a hypothesis posed by previous authors, which argues that the helical nature of the flow in supercell updrafts makes them more resistant to entrainment than nonsupercellular updrafts because of the suppressed turbulence in purely helical flows. It was further supposed that this entrainment resistance contributes to the steadiness and longevity of supercell updrafts. A series of idealized large-eddy simulations were run to address this idea, wherein the deep-layer shear and hodograph shape were varied, resulting in supercells in the strongly sheared runs, nonsupercells in the weakly sheared runs, and variations in the percentage of streamwise vorticity in updrafts among runs. Fourier energy spectrum analyses show well-developed inertial subranges in all simulations, which suggests that the percentages of streamwise and crosswise vorticity have little effect on turbulence in convective environments. Additional analyses find little evidence of updraft-scale centrifugally stable flow within updrafts, which has also been hypothesized to limit horizontal mass flux across supercell updrafts. Results suggest that supercells do have smaller fractional entrainment rates than nonsupercells, but these differences are consistent with theoretical dependencies of entrainment on updraft width, and with supercells being wider than nonsupercells. Thus, while supercells do experience reduced fractional entrainment rates and entrainment-driven dilution, this advantage is primarily attributable to increased supercell updraft width relative to ordinary convection, and has little to do with updraft helicity and rotation.


英文关键词Clouds Convective storms systems Updrafts downdrafts Severe storms Storm environments
领域地球科学
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000528754800013
WOS关键词VERTICAL WIND SHEAR ; SIMULATED CONVECTIVE STORMS ; HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATION ; SHALLOW ; HELICITY ; THUNDERSTORM ; PROPAGATION ; EXPRESSIONS ; TRANSITION ; VORTICITY
WOS类目Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS研究方向Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
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文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/280326
专题地球科学
作者单位1.Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA;
2.Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA;
3.Univ North Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND USA
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Peters, John M.,Nowotarski, Christopher J.,Mullendore, Gretchen L.. Are Supercells Resistant to Entrainment because of Their Rotation?[J]. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,2020,77(4):1475-1495.
APA Peters, John M.,Nowotarski, Christopher J.,&Mullendore, Gretchen L..(2020).Are Supercells Resistant to Entrainment because of Their Rotation?.JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,77(4),1475-1495.
MLA Peters, John M.,et al."Are Supercells Resistant to Entrainment because of Their Rotation?".JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 77.4(2020):1475-1495.
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